< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mašk-
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
From Proto-Afroasiatic *masak-. Compare Egyptian mskꜣ (“skin, hide, leather”) and Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⴽⵙⵓⵎ (aksum, “skin, hide”).
Noun
*mašk- m
- skin
Inflection
Declension of *mašk-
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *maškum | *maškāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | *maškim | *maškayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | *maškam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st person | *maškī / *maškVya | — | *maškVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person m | *maškVka | *maškVkumā / *maškVkumay | *maškVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person f | *maškVki | *maškVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person m | *maškVšu | *maškVšumā / *maškVšumay | *maškVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person f | *maškVša | *maškVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *maškuya for nom. case, *maškiya for gen. case, *maškaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *mašk-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *mašk-
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Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒋢 (maškum, “skin, leather”)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: مَسْك (mask, “recently cut hide of a lamb or a kid”)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Aramaic:
- Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מַשְׁכָּא (maškā, “skin, leather”), absolute state מְשַׁךְ (mšaḵ)
- Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: משך (mšk, “hide, skin, leather”)
- Imperial Aramaic: 𐡌𐡔𐡊 (mšk, “skin, hide”)
- Palmyrene: 𐡬𐡵𐡪 (mšk, “skin, hide”)
- Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡉࡔࡊࡀ (miška, “skin”), (sporadically) ࡌࡀࡔࡊࡀ (maška)
- Modern Aramaic: ܡܫܟܐ (meškā, “skin”), ܡܫܟܐ (miška, “skin”)
- Classical Syriac: ܡܶܫܟܴ݁ܐ (meškā, “skin, hide; leather; peel; tribute”)
- → Ancient Greek: μέσκος (méskos, “skin, fleece”) (or from another descendant)
- → Old Armenian: մաշկ (mašk, “skin, hide”)
- Armenian: մաշկ (mašk)
- → Cappadocian Greek: μάσκι (máski)
- → Old Georgian: მაშკი (mašḳi)
- → Romani: maski
- → Old Persian: 𐎶𐏁𐎣𐎠 (m-š-k-a /maškā-/, “(inflated) skin”) (or from another descendant)
- Middle Persian: [script needed] (mšk' /mašk/, “mussuck, skin bag”)
- Persian: مشک (mašk)
- → Chagatai: مشك (mešk), مشیك (mešik)
- → Hindustani:
- Hindi: मशक (maśak)
- Urdu: مشک (maśak)
- → English: mussuck
- → Ottoman Turkish: مشك (meşk)
- Persian: مشک (mašk)
- Middle Persian: [script needed] (mšk' /mašk/, “mussuck, skin bag”)
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: מֶשֶׁךְ (méshekh, méšeḵ, “leather pouch”) (with a meaning shift)
- Aramaic:
- Central Semitic:
References
- Tower of Babel
- “mšk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Shooshtary, Dakhil (2012), “Skin”, in Mandaic Dictionary: English Mandaic, Bloomington: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 239
- Militarev, Alexander; Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, No. 190
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “մաշկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 260
- Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 311