< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/baʕl-
Proto-Semitic
Noun
*baʕl- m
- husband, master, lord
Inflection
Declension of *baʕl-
Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | *baʕlum | *baʕlāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | *baʕlim | *baʕlayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | *baʕlam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st person | *baʕlī / *baʕlVya | — | *baʕlVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person m | *baʕlVka | *baʕlVkumā / *baʕlVkumay | *baʕlVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd person f | *baʕlVki | *baʕlVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person m | *baʕlVšu | *baʕlVšumā / *baʕlVšumay | *baʕlVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3rd person f | *baʕlVša | *baʕlVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *baʕluya for nom. case, *baʕliya for gen. case, *baʕlaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *baʕl-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *baʕl-
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Derived terms
- *baʕlat- (“mistress, lady”)
Descendants
- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒂗 (bēlum)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: بَعْل (baʿl)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Aramaic: בַּעְלָא (baʿlā)
- Classical Syriac: ܒܱ݁ܥܠܳܐ (baʿlā)
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: בַּעַל (bá'al, báʿal)
- Phoenician: 𐤁𐤏𐤋 (bʿl)
- Punic: 𐤁𐤏𐤋 (bʿl)
- → English: Baal, baal
- Ugaritic: 𐎁𐎓𐎍 (bʿl /baʿlu/), 𒁀𒀪𒇻 (ba-ʾa-lu)[1]
- Aramaic: בַּעְלָא (baʿlā)
- Old South Arabian
- Old South Arabian: 𐩨𐩲𐩡 (bʿl)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- Amharic: ባል (bal)
- Ge'ez: በዓል (bäʿal)
- Tigrinya: በዓል (bäʿal)
- Modern South Arabian:
- Mehri: bāl (“owner”), abɛ́li (“God”)
- Shehri: báʕal (“owner”), bʕéhl (“owner”), ʔɔʕź (“God”), ʔɔ̄ʕź (“God”), ʔɔ́ʕɔź (“God”)
- Soqotri: baʕ- (“owner”, with pronominal suffixes only), di-báḥlʼe (“the owner of”, before nouns only), báʕlʼhi (“my Lord”)
- Central Semitic:
References
- “Ashurbanipal 006”, in Oracc: The Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus, University of Pennsylvania, (please provide a date or year), Ashurbanipal 6: ii 26': “𒁹𒁀𒀪𒇻𒈗𒆳𒀫𒊑”
- Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
- Kogan, Leonid (2019), “Additions and Corrections to Wolf Leslau's Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (1987–2017)”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society, volume 139, issue 4, DOI:, page 895 to 84
- Huehnergard, John (2019), “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN