Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/kara

< Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan

Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/kara

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *kara (“course, way”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaɾa/

Particle

*kara

1. ablative marker

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan:
  • Kikai: はら (hara)
  • Kunigami: ちゃら (chara)
  • Northern Amami-Oshima: か゚ら (xara)
  • Okinawan: から (kara)
  • Oki-No-Erabu: から (kara)
  • Toku-No-Shima: か゚ら (xara)
  • Yoron: はら (hara)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: から (kara)
  • Yaeyama: から (kara)
  • Yonaguni: がら (gara)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Japonic *kara (“sharp of flavor; harsh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kara/

Adjective

*kara

1. sharp of flavor
   1. salty
   2. spicy
   3. strong (of alcohol)
2. harsh

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan:
  • Kunigami: 辛ーせん, 苛ーせん, 鹹ーせん (harāsen)
  • Northern Amami-Oshima: 辛さり, 苛さり, 鹹さり (xarasari)
  • Okinawan: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
  • Toku-No-Shima: 辛さい, 苛さい, 鹹さい (karasai)
  • Yoron: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (harasan)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: 辛, 苛, 鹹 (kara)
  • Yaeyama: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
  • Yonaguni: 辛ん, 苛ん, 鹹ん (karan)