Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/tergen

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Etymology

Perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *turki (“sleigh”) (Even турки (turki), Nanai токи), Nivkh т’у (tʼu) or Korean 달구지 (dalguji, “cart”).

Noun

*tergen

cart

Descendants

Middle Mongol:
- Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ (tergen), ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ (terge)
- Arabic: تيركان‎ (tergen)
- Chinese: 忒兒根 (tergen) (Beilu Yiyu)
Mongolian:
- Classical Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ (terge)
- Khalkha Mongolian: тэрэг (tereg)
- Ordos Mongolian: [Term?] (/tʰerge/)
Kalmyk: тергн (tergn)
Buryat: тэргэ(н) (terge(n))
Khamnigan Mongol: terge(n)
Daur: tereg
East Yugur: tergen
- → Western Yugur: terɣen
Monguor:
- Mangghuer: tiriga
- Mongghul: tierge
Dongxiang: qierge, qiereigvan
Tungusic:
- → Evenki: тэргэ (tərgə), тэрга (tərga)
- → Evenki: тэргэн (tərgən)
- → Manchu: ᡨᡝᡵᡤᡝᠴᡳ (tergeci, “coachman”) (from *tergeci)
Turkic:
- → Tuvan: тэргэ (terge)
- → Tofa: тэргэ

References

Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 519
Cincius, V. I. (1977) Sravnitelʹnyj slovarʹ tunguso-manʹčžurskix jazykov: Materialy k etimologičeskomu slovarju [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages: Materials for an etymological dictionary] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 238
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill