Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/temexen

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tebe +‎ *-xen, compare Turkish deve.

Noun

*temexen

camel

Hypernyms

*boda (“livestock”)

Hyponyms

*iŋgen (“camel mare”)
*botagan (“camel foal”)

Descendants

Middle Mongol:
- Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ (temegen), ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ (temege)
- Arabic: تيمن‎ (tem(e)n), تمن‎ (t(e)m(e)n)
- Armenian: թաման (tʿaman) (Kirakos Gandzaketsi)
- Traditional Han: 忒墨根 (tèmògēn) (transliteration)
Mongolian:
- Classical Mongolian: ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ (temege)
- Khalkha Mongolian: тэмээ (temee)
- Ordos Mongolian: /tʰemeː/
Kalmyk: темән (temän)
Buryat: тэмээ (temee)
- Khamnigan Mongol: тэмээ
- → Russian: тыме́н (tymén), тыме́нь (tyménʹ)
Daur: temee
East Yugur: temeen
Monguor:
- Mongghul: timeen
- Mangghuer: tiemie
Mogholi: temå, temån
→ Yakut: тэбиэн (tebien), тэмиэн (temien)
- → Evenki: тэве̄н (təwēn)
Tungusic:
- → Evenki: тэмэгэн (təməgən)
- → Solon: тэмэгэн
- → Manchu: ᡨᡝᠮᡝᠨ (temen)
  - → Nanai: тэмэн
  - → Oroch: тэмэн (“elephant”)

References

Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 517
Doerfer, Gerhard (1965) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 19)‎ (in German), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 669
Cincius, V. I. (1977) Sravnitelʹnyj slovarʹ tunguso-manʹčžurskix jazykov: Materialy k etimologičeskomu slovarju [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages: Materials for an etymological dictionary] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 235
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill