Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/kaïcï

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Etymology

If related to Proto-Turkic *kïptu (“scissors”), perhaps from earlier *kapïtï, although forms are difficult to reconcile. But also the evolution might be like this:

*kapïtï < *kapïcï < *kaxïcï < *kaïcï

Compare Karakhanid [script needed] (qïftu), Yakut кыптый (kıptıy), and see also *kabcï- (“to squeeze, to pinch”).

Noun

*kaïcï

scissors

Descendants

Middle Mongol:
- Arabic:
  - Muqaddimat: قايجي‎ (/qayiči/)
  - Rasulid Hexaglot يحي‎ (corrected as قيجي*‎ (/qayiči/))
- Chinese:
  - Beilu Yiyu: 海赤 (hǎichì)
  - Hua-Yi Yiyu: [Term?] (/qayiči/)
- Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠢ (qayiči)
Central:
- Buryat: хайша (xajša)
- Khamnigan Mongol: xaici
- Mongolian:
  - Classical: ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠢ (qayiči)
  - Khalkha Mongolian: хайч (xajč)
  - Ordos: /xæːt͡ʃʰi/
- Oirat:
  - Written: ᡍᠠᡅᡒᡅ (xaiči)
  - Kalmyk: хәәч (hääch)
Daur: kaic
Qinhai-Gansu:
- East Yugur: xaici
- Shirongolic:
  - Monguor:
    - Mongghul: haiji, (haiqi)
    - Mangghuer: [Term?] (khaiqi)
  - Baoanic:
    - Bonan:
      - Gansu: xeicie
      - Qinhai: xiice
    - Dongxiang: khaichi
    - Kangjia: qaici, qeici
Mogholi: qaici
→ Azerbaijani: qayçı
→ Bashkir: ҡайсы (qaysı)
→ Karakalpak: қайшы, qayşı
→ Kazakh: қайшы (qaişy)
→ Kyrgyz: кайчы (kayçı)
→ Southern Altai: кайчы (kayčï)
→ Tatar: кайчы (qayçı)
→ Turkmen: gaýcy
→ Uzbek: qaychi
→ Uyghur: قايچا‎‎ (qaycha‎)
→ Persian: قیچی‎ (qeyči)
- → Bengali: কাঁইচি (kãici), কাঁচি (kãci), কেঁচি (kẽci)
- → Assamese: কেঁচি (kẽsi)
- → Hindustani:
  - Hindi: क़ैंची (qaiñcī)
  - Urdu: قینچی‎ (qaiñcī)

References

Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 400
Sun Zhu (1990) 蒙古语族语言词典 [Dictionary of Mongolic Languages] (in Chinese), Qinghai, page 318
Doerfer, Gerhard (1963), “318. قیچچ”, in Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 16) (in German), volume 1, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 448