Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/kapa

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Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/kapa

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kapa/

Noun

*kapa

1. source of freshwater

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 河 (kapa, “river”)
  • Japanese: 川 (かわ, kawa)
• Ryukyuan: *kawa (“spring, well”)
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 川 (はー, hā)
    • Kunigami: 川 (はー, hā)
    • Northern Amami-Oshima: 川 (こ゚ー, xō)
    • Okinawan: 川 (かー, kā)
    • Oki-No-Erabu: 川 (ほー, hō)
    • Toku-No-Shima: 川 (こ゚ー, xō)
    • Yoron: 川 (ほー, hō)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 川 (かー, kā)
    • Yaeyama: 川 (かー, kā)
    • Yonaguni: 川 (かー, kā)

Noun

*kapa

1. bark, hide, skin
2. leather
3. the side of something, the surface or covering of something

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 皮, 革 (kapa, “hide, leather; bark”); 側 (kapa, “side”)
  • Japanese: 皮, 革 (kawa, “hide, leather; bark”); 側 (kawa, “side”)
• Ryukyuan: *kawa
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 皮, 革 (はー, hā)
    • Kunigami: 皮, 革 (はー, hā)
    • Northern Amami-Oshima: 皮, 革 (か゚ー, xā)
    • Okinawan: 皮, 革 (かー, kā)
    • Oki-No-Erabu: 皮, 革 (ほー, hō)
    • Toku-No-Shima: 皮, 革 (こ゚ー, xō)
    • Yoron: 皮, 革 (ほー, hō)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 皮, 革 (かー, kā)
    • Yaeyama: 皮, 革 (かー, kā)
    • Yonaguni: 皮, 革 (かー, kā)