< Reconstruction:Proto-Italic
Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/jowezāō
 | This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-es-éh₂-ye-ti, from *h₂yew-, an extended form of the root *h₂ey-. Related to *jowos.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈjo.we.zaːoː/
Verb
*jowezāō[1]
- I swear (an oath)
Conjugation
| Inflection of *jowezāō (first conjugation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *jowezāō | |
| Perfect | — | |
| Past participle | *jowezātos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *jowezāō | *jowezāōr |
| 2nd sing. | *jowezās | *jowezāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *jowezāt | *jowezātor |
| 1st plur. | *jowezāmos | *jowezāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *jowezātes | *jowezām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *jowezānt | *jowezāntor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *jowezāēm? | *jowezāēr? |
| 2nd sing. | *jowezāēs? | *jowezāēzo? |
| 3rd sing. | *jowezāēd? | *jowezāētor? |
| 1st plur. | *jowezāēmos? | *jowezāēmor? |
| 2nd plur. | *jowezāētes? | *jowezāēm(e?)n(ai?)? |
| 3rd plur. | *jowezāēnd? | *jowezāēntor? |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *jowezā | *jowezāzo |
| 2nd plur. | *jowezāte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *jowezātōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *jowezānts | *jowezātos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *jowezātum | *jowezāzi | |
Descendants
- Old Latin: iovesat (/jowezāt/) (3rd person singular present, Duenos inscription)
- Latin: iūrō
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN