Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/yaŝáti

< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/yaŝáti

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yaŝĉáti, from Proto-Indo-European *ym̥-sḱ-éti, from *yem- (“to take hold, restrain”). Cognate with Sanskrit यच्छति (yácchati), यछति (yáchati).

Verb

*yaŝáti[1]

1. to hold, restrain
2. to take, seize

Related terms

• *Hayā́mti

Derived terms

• *aHyaŝáti (+ *aH- (“back”))
  • Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬯𐬉‎ (āiiesē, 1sg.pres.med.)
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬯𐬈‎ (āiiese, 1sg.pres.med.)
  • Bactrian: ιεσ- (ies-, “to take”)
  • Bartangi: [script needed] (ayōs-, “to take away”)
  • Old Persian: [script needed] (aysta /āyasatā/, “took for himself”, 3sg.impf.med.)
  • Semnani: [script needed] (h-āī-č-äī-), [script needed] (b-ä́ī̮(-)šš-, “to buy, take”)
  • Scythian: *aysána- (+ *-ana- (verbal noun suffix))
    • Ossetian: (“to take (away, out)”)

      Digor: есун (esun)

      Iron: исын (isyn)

  • Sogdian: (“to take, receive”)

    Buddhist: [script needed] (ʾʾs-)

    Christian: [script needed] (ʾs-)

• *Hapayaŝáti (“to take away”) (+ *Hapa- (“off, away, from”))
  • Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (apaiiasaiti, 1sg.pres.med.)
  • Pashto: [script needed] (istə́l), [script needed] (yastə́l), [script needed] (westəl, “to take off, out”)

• *hamyaŝáti (+ *ham- (“together, one”))
  • Old Avestan: 𐬵𐬇𐬨𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬉‎ (hə̄miiāsaitē, 3sg.pres.med.)
  • Sogdian: (“to come to an end, be ended”)

    Buddhist: [script needed] (ʾnyʾmsʾy, 3sg.opt.act.)

    Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾnyʾmsym, 1pl.pres.act.)

• *niyaŝáti (+ *ni- (“down, down into”))
  • Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬯𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬈‎ (niiāsāite, 1sg.pres.med.)
  • Ormuri: [script needed] (nas-, “to take, grasp”)
  • Pashto: (“to take out”)

    Pashto: [script needed] (nis-)

    Waneci: [script needed] (nc-), [script needed] (nic-)

  • Saka: [Term?] (“to take, seize”)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (nās-)
    • Tumshuqese: [script needed] (nes-), [script needed] (пе-)
  • Sanglechi-Ishkashimi: [Term?] (“to take, seize, hold”)
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (nas)
    • Sanglechi: [script needed] (nas)
  • Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: [Term?]
    • Yidgha: [script needed] (nis-, “to take out”)
    • Yazgulyam: [script needed] (n(ə)yas-, “to seize, catch, take (in marriage), buy; to bite [of dogs]”)
  • Sogdic: [Term?]
    • Sogdian: (“to take (prison), capture”)

      Buddhist: [script needed] (nyʾst), [script needed] (ʾnyʾst)

      Christian: [script needed] (nyʾstʾ, 2pl.pres.act.)

      Sogdian: [script needed] (nyʾs-)

      Manichaean: [Manichaean needed] (nyʾs-)

    • Yagnobi: [script needed] (nos-, “to take (in marriage), seize”)
  • Yidgha: [script needed] (nis-, “to take out”)

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Younger Avestan: 𐬫𐬁𐬯𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (yāsāiti)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: [script needed] (yos-)
  • Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: [Term?]
    • Munji-Yidgha: [Term?]
      • Munji: [script needed] (yīs-)
      • Yidgha: [script needed] (is-)
    • Shughni-Yazgulami: [Term?]
      • Shughni: [script needed] (yōs-)
      • Roshani: [script needed] (yōs-)

References

1. Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), “*i̭am-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 68-78