< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wayd-
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.
Root
*wayd-
- to know
- to find
Derived terms
- *ni-wayd-, with *ni- (“down”)
- Eastern Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌 (niuuaēδaiiemi, “to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate”)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾyδ- /ni-wēδ-/, “to invite, inform”)
- Western Iranian:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Parthian:
- Manichaean: nwyst (*niwist, “invited”); nwydg (*niwēdag, “invitation or good news”)
- → Old Armenian: նուէր (nuēr, “oblation, sacrifice”) ← Middle Iranian *nivēδ
- → Old Armenian: նուիրակ (nuirak, “announcer, messenger, etc.”) ← Middle Iranian: *nivēδāk
- Parthian:
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
- Book Pahlavi: nwstn' (*niwistan), nwyk- / nwyd- (*niwēy-, “to announce, consecrate”); nwyk' (*niwē, “good news”)
- Persian: نوید (navid, “good news”)
- Middle Persian:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Eastern Iranian:
- *fra-wayd-, with *fra-
- → Old Armenian: հրաւէր (hrawēr), հրաւիրեմ (hrawirem)
- → Old Armenian: հրաւիրակ (hrawirak)
- *pati-wayd-, with *pati-
- → Old Armenian: պատուէր (patuēr), պատուիրեմ (patuirem)
- → Old Armenian: պատուիրակ (patuirak)
Descendants
- Eastern Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬛 (vid, “to know”) (𐬬𐬌𐬜 (viδ), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬜 (vaēδ))
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
- Manichaean: 𐫇𐫍𐫏𐫆 (whyẖ /wehīh/, “wisdom”) (possibly)
- Middle Persian:
References
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “u̯aid¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 408–409
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “նուէր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page նուիրակ of 469–471
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “*niwē”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 60