Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/ráwčakah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas + *-kas.

Noun

*ráwčakah n

fasting

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ráwčakah	*ráwčakā	*ráwčakā
vocative	*ráwčaka	*ráwčakā	*ráwčakā
accusative	*ráwčakam	*ráwčakā	*ráwčakānh
instrumental	*ráwčakā	*ráwčakaybyaH	*ráwčakāyš
ablative	*ráwčakāt	*ráwčakaybyaH	*ráwčakaybyah
dative	*ráwčakāy	*ráwčakaybyaH	*ráwčakaybyah
genitive	*ráwčakahya	*ráwčakayāh	*ráwčakānam
locative	*ráwčakay	*ráwčakayaw	*ráwčakayšu

Descendants

Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: روژه‎ (rožá) (perhaps via Western Iranian)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: روچگ‎ (rōčag)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ڕۆژوو‎ (rojû)
  Northern Kurdish: rojî, rocî
  Southern Kurdish: ڕووژێ‎ (rûjê), ڕووژە‎ (rûje)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian: *ráwǰakah
  - Old Median: *ráwǰakah
    - Old Azari: *روجه‎ (*rōja), *روژه‎ (*rōža)
      - Harzani: روژا (rūžā)
      - → Azerbaijani: oruc
      - → Ottoman Turkish: اروج‎ (uruc)
        Turkish: oruç
  - Parthian: (/rōžag/) [1]
    Manichaean: 𐫡𐫇𐫝𐫃‎ (rwcg)
  - Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
    - Gurani: ڕۆجێ‎ (řōǰē)
    - Zazaki: roce
Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian: (/rōzag/, “fasting”) [2]
  Manichaean: 𐫡𐫇𐫝𐫃‎ (rwcg)
  Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (lwck')
  - Lurish:
    Northern Luri: روزه‎ (ruza)
  - Classical Persian: روزه‎ (rōza)
    Dari: روزه‎ (rōza)
    Iranian Persian: روزه‎ (rūze)
    Tajik: рӯза (rüza)
    Bengali: রোজা (roza)
  - → Crimean Tatar: oraza
  - → Kazakh: ораза (oraza)
  - → Kyrgyz: орозо (orozo)
  - → Tatar: uraza
  - → Uzbek: roʻza

References

Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “rwcg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 329
Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “rwcg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 329

[1] Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “rwcg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 329

[2] Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “rwcg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 329