Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hárdaxš

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Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hárdaxš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárdʰakš ~ *Hr̥dʰakás. Cognate with Sanskrit ऋधक् (ṛ́dhak, “separately”, adv.).

Noun

*Hárdaxš ~ *Hr̥dakáh m[1]

1. side

Descendants

• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: اړخ‎ (aṛx, aṛax, “side”)
  • Sanglechi: [script needed] (alax, “hill”)
    • → Khowar: [script needed] (aarax, “hillside”)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:

    Northern Kurdish: alî (ālī)

    Central Kurdish: لا‎ (lā)

    Southern Kurdish: لا‎ (lā)

  • Medo-Parthian: [Term?]
    • Gurani: لا‎ (lā)
    • Kermanic:

      Abuzeydabadi, Jowshaqani, Khunsari, Nushabadi: āla

      Abuzeydabadi: ālā, āle

    • Mazanderani: دله‎ (dele) (< *andar-āla-)
    • Parthian:

      Manichaean: 𐫀𐫓𐫃‎ (ʾlg), 𐫀𐫀𐫓𐫃‎ (ʾʾlg /ārag/)

• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Middle Persian:

    Manichaean: 𐫀𐫀𐫡𐫃‎ (ʾʾrg /ārag/)

    Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠTLA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠTRA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾlk' /ālag/)

    • Bakhtiari: [script needed] (āle)

References

1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–), “*arda-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 216-218