< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HáHtr̥š
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtr̥š, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁ter- (“fire”) (whence also possibly related to Latin āter (“dark, black”), Old Armenian այրեմ (ayrem, “to burn”), Old Irish áith (“kiln”), and the Slavic and Balkan words listed below, if they are not borrowed from Iranian).
Noun
*HáHtr̥š
- fire
Descendants
- *ātar-, *ātr-, *ātr̥-, *āθ(a)r-
- Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (ātar), 𐬁𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆 (ātərə), 𐬁𐬚𐬭- (āθr-), 𐬁𐬙𐬭- (ātr-)
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Bactrian: αϸ (aš /*āš-/), αδορ (ador /*ādor-/), αταρ (atar /*ātar-/), αταροβιδο (atarobido), αδοραστο (adorasto, “fireplace”), αϸφαρδαρο (ašfardaro, “best (gift) of Fire”)
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾdr), [script needed] (ʾdyr /*ādír/); [script needed] (ʾrw)
- Proto-Scythian: *ātar-, *āθr-
- → (perhaps) Ancient Greek: Ἰατραγόρας (Iatragóras, “a Scythian given name”, literally “fire-searcher?”)
- → (perhaps) Ancient Greek: Ἀρθάμων (Arthámōn, “a given name from Olbia”)
- → (perhaps) Ancient Greek: Ψευδαρτάκη (Pseudartákē, “a place name in Scythia”)
- Ossetian: арт (art)
- Sogdian:
- Christian Sogdian: ܐܬܪ (ʾtr /ātar/), ܐܐܬܪ (ʾʾtr /ātar/), ܐܐܬܐܪ (ʾʾtʾr), ܐܐܬܪܗ (ʾʾtrh), [script needed] (ʾrδ-)
- Buddhist Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾʾtr /ātar/), [script needed] (ʾʾtʾr), [script needed] (ʾʾtrh), [script needed] (ʾʾš /*āš/) (with metathesis)
- Manichaen Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾʾtr /ātar/), [script needed] (ʾʾtʾr), [script needed] (ʾʾtrh), [script needed] (ʾʾtʾrh /*ātar/)
- Pashto: اور (or), (dialectal) ور (wor), ورو (woro), يور (yor), ير (yer), هور (hor)
- Waneci: [script needed] (awər)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji
- Munji: yūr
- Yidgha: yūṛ
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami
- Sarikoli: yuc
- Shughni: йоц (yōc), (Rushani) yůc
- Yazghulami: yec
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Sangisari: آتش (ātaš)
- Baluchi:
- Eastern Balochi: آس (às)
- Western Balochi: آچ (àč),
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: ئاوِر (awir), ئاگِر (agir)
- Northern Kurdish: ar, agir
- Laki: ئاگِر (agir)
- Southern Kurdish: ئاگِر (agir)
- Old Median: 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (*ātr-), 𐎠𐎰𐎼 (*āθr-) (in compounds)
- Sivandi: ūīr
- Old Tati:
- Old Azari: آیر (āyer)
- Old Tati:
- Sivandi: ūīr
- Parachi: âṛ
- Parthian:
- Inscriptional: 𐭀𐭕𐭓𐭅 (ʾtrw /ādur/)
- Manichaean: 𐫀𐫅𐫇𐫡 (ʾdwr), 𐫀𐫀𐫅𐫇𐫡 (ʾʾdwr /ādur/)
- Zaza-Gorani:
- Gurani: ئار (ār), ئێر (ɛr), ئاور (āwir), ئایر (āyir)
- Zazaki: adir
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (a-t-r /ātar-/), 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (a-t-r /ātr-/), (combining form) 𐎠𐏂 (a-ç /āç-/) (in 𐎠𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹 (a-ç-i-y-a-di-i-y-h-y /Āçiyādiyahaya/))
- Middle Persian:
- Inscriptional: 𐭠𐭲𐭥𐭥𐭩 (ʾtwry), 𐭠𐭲𐭥𐭫𐭩 (ʾtwly), 𐭭𐭥𐭥𐭠 (NWRA)
- Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (ʾtwr' /ādur/)
- Manichaean: 𐫀𐫅𐫇𐫡 (ʾdwr /ādur/)
- Persian: آدر (âdar), آذر (âzar)
- Tajik: озар (ozar)
- Middle Persian:
- Old Persian: 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (a-t-r /ātar-/), 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (a-t-r /ātr-/), (combining form) 𐎠𐏂 (a-ç /āç-/) (in 𐎠𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹 (a-ç-i-y-a-di-i-y-h-y /Āçiyādiyahaya/))
- → Old Azari: آذر (āzar, āδar)
- → Old Armenian: ատր- (atr-)
- →? Proto-Albanian: *ōtar
- *ātarš (nominative singular)
- Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱 (ātarš)
- → Middle Persian: [script needed] (ʾthš /ātaxš/)
- Persian: آتش (âtaš), تش (taš) (see there for further descendants)
- → Gilaki: [script needed] (åtəš)
- → Old Azari: آتش (ātaš)
- Harzani: اوتش (oteš), اوتژ (utaž)
- Karingani: اتش (otaš)
- → Talysh:
- Northern Talysh: اوتش (otəş)
- Central Talysh: آتش (ātaš)
- Southern Talysh: آتش (ātaš)
- → Old Kazeruni: ادشت (adišt) [1]
- → Middle Persian: [script needed] (ʾthš /ātaxš/)
- → Bactrian: αθϸο
- → Western Balochi: آچش (àčiš), آتش (àtiš) (via Persian)
- Old → Mazanderani: تش (taš)
- Mazanderani: تش (taš)
- → Old Median:
- Kermani:
- Zoroastrian Dari: تش (taš) (Maybe via Middle Persian)
- Kermani:
- Avestan: 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬱 (ātarš)
- Central Iranian:
References
- Adib Tusi, M.A., 1381 AP / 2002 AD. Lahjeye Kâzeruniye qadim, Kâzeruniye. (in Persian)
References
- Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 318–324
- Абаев, В. И. (1949) Осетинский язык и фольклор I [Ossetian Language and Folklore I] (in Russian), Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 158
- Абаев, В. И. (1958) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press, page 70
- Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 81
- Domosileckaja, M. V. (2002) Albansko-vostočnoromanskij sopostavitelʹnyj ponjatijnyj slovarʹ: Skotovodčeskaja leksika [Albanian – Eastern Romance Comparative Conceptual Dictionary: The Pastoral Vocabulary] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nauka, →ISBN, page 457
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*atra”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 91