Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/hižwáHkaH

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Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/hižwáHkaH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *hižwáH +‎ *-kaH.

Noun

*hižwáHkaH f[1][2]

1. tongue

Descendants

• Northeastern
  • Ossetian: ӕвзаг (ævzag)
  • Saka:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (biśā /βiźā/)
    • Wakhi: zī̆k
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian:

      Greek: εζϐαγο (ezbago /əzβāg/)

    • Chorasmian: [script needed] (zᵘβ’k /zuβā́g/), [script needed] (’zβ’k /əzβā́g/)
    • Sogdic: *hizβā́kā
      • Sogdian: (/zβāk, ᵊzβāk/}

        Buddhist: [script needed] (zβʾk), [script needed] (ʾzβʾʾk)

        Christian: [script needed] (zβʾq)

        Manichaean: 𐫉𐫂𐫀𐫐‎‎ (zβʾk‎)

      • Yagnobi: zⁱvṓk
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pamir:
    • Munji-Yidgha:
      • Munji: [script needed] (zəvī́γ), [script needed] (zəvū́g)
      • Yidgha: [script needed] (zᵊvīγ), [script needed] (zɪbēγ)
    • Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
      • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (zvůk), [script needed] (zьvůk)
      • Sanglechi: [script needed] (zəvū̆k)
    • Shugni-Yazgulami:
      • Roshani: [script needed] (ziv)
      • Yazgulyam: [script needed] (zveg), [script needed] (zəveg)
  • Pathan:
    • Pashto:

      Pashto: ژبه‎ (žë́ba), جبه‎ (jë́ba), زبه‎ (zë́ba), ژېبه‎ (žébá)

      Waziri: [script needed] (žəbba)

    Waneci: [script needed] (zbə), [script needed] (zibə), [script needed] (zəbō)

References

1. Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015), “Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry”, in Doctoral dissertation, University of California at Berkeley
2. Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 179