Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/guHθáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *guHtʰás.

Noun

*guHθáh[1][2]

excrement

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*guHθáh	*guHθā́	*guHθā́
vocative	*guHθa	*guHθā́	*guHθā́
accusative	*guHθám	*guHθā́	*guHθā́nh
instrumental	*guHθā́	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθā́yš
ablative	*guHθā́t	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθáybyah
dative	*guHθā́y	*guHθáybyaH	*guHθáybyah
genitive	*guHθáhya	*guHθáyāh	*guHθā́nam
locative	*guHθáy	*guHθáyaw	*guHθáyšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬏𐬚𐬀‎ (gūθa)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
  - Khotanese: [script needed] (gū)
  - Wakhi: gi
- Sogdo-Bactran:
  - Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ɣwθ /ɣūθ/)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: *ɣūθ
      - ⇒ Sogdian:
        Old Sogdian: 𐼄𐼇𐼌𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼕𐼆‎ (ɣwδʾynch /ɣūθēnč/)
    - Yagnobi: ғӯт (ġüt), ғӯта (ġüta)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Munji: غوو (ɣūw)
- Ormuri: [script needed] (guy)
- Pashto: غول‎ (ǧwul)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
  - Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
    - Shughni: ɣaθ
  - Yazghulami: ɣʷoθ
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: گوت‎ (gūt)
- Kermanic:
  Abuzeydabadi, Abyanehi, Badrudi, Chimehi, Farizandi, Tarehi: gū
  Abyanehi: gūh
  Bidhandi: goh
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: گوو‎ (gû)
  Northern Kurdish: gû m
  Southern Kurdish: گۊ‎ (gü)
  Laki: گۊ‎ (gü), گۊی‎ (güy)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: *gūθaʰ[3]
  - Middle Persian:
    Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwh /gūh/)
    - Persian: گوه‎ (gūh)

References

Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018), “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 583: “*gūθā̆- < ePIr. *guHϑHa-”
Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, Brill Academic Publishers, page 181
Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 60: “OP *gūθa-”

[1] Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018), “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 583: “*gūθā̆- < ePIr. *guHϑHa-”

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, Brill Academic Publishers, page 181

[3] Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 60: “OP *gūθa-”