Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/gr̥Híš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Híš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥H-í-s[1], from *gʷerH-.

Noun

*gr̥Híš m

mountain

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌‎ (gairi)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (gara), [script needed] (ggari)
- Wakhi: ɣār (“rock”)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Bactrian: γειρο (ɣīr), γαρο (ɣar)
  - Chorasmian: غریڅیک‎ (ɣarēcīk, “mountain”)
  - Sogdic: [Term?]
    - Sogdian: [Term?] (/γar/)
      Manichaean: 𐫄𐫡‎ (ǧr)
      Sogdian: 𐼲𐽀‎ (ɣr)
      Old Sogdian: 𐼄𐼘‎
      Syriac: ܮܪ‎
    - Yagnobi: ғар (ɣar)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pathan: [Term?]
  - Pashto: غر‎ (ǧar)
  - Waneci: غر‎ (ɣar)
- Sanglechi-Ishkashimi: [Term?]
  - Sanglechi: [script needed] (gar)
- Munji-Yidgha: [Term?]
  - Munji: غار (ɣār)
  - Yidgha: غر‎ (ɣar)
- Shughni-Yazgulami: [Term?]
  - Sarikoli: žer (“stone”)
  - Shughni: žīr (“stone”)
  - Yazgulyam: [script needed] (ɣār, “stone; rock”)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: گر‎ (gar, “mountain cave”)
- Kurdish:
  Northern Kurdish: gir
  Central Kurdish: گرد‎ (gird)
- Parthian:
  Manichaean: 𐫄𐫡‎ (ǧr /ɣar/)
- Ormuri-Parachi
  - Ormuri: [script needed] (g(i)rī)
  - Parachi: [script needed] (ger), [script needed] (gir)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
  Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gl /gar/)
  - ⇒ Middle Persian: [Term?]
    - Persian: گلشاه‎ (galšāh), گرشاه‎ (garšāh, literally “mountain king”) (family name)

References

Cantera, Alberto (2017), “The phonology of Iranian”, in Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, volume 1, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, VI. Iranian

[1] Cantera, Alberto (2017), “The phonology of Iranian”, in Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, volume 1, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, VI. Iranian