< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰástas
 | This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction
The Iranian and Nuristani forms show an initial d, possibly due to contamination with *dáwš or dissimilation.[1]
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰóstos, from *ǵʰes-.
Noun
*ȷ́ʰástas m
- hand
Declension
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *ȷ́ʰástas | *ȷ́ʰástā | *ȷ́ʰástā, -ās(as) |
| vocative | *ȷ́ʰásta | *ȷ́ʰástā | *ȷ́ʰástā, -ās(as) |
| accusative | *ȷ́ʰástam | *ȷ́ʰástā | *ȷ́ʰástāns |
| instrumental | *ȷ́ʰástā | *ȷ́ʰástaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *ȷ́ʰástāyš |
| ablative | *ȷ́ʰástāt | *ȷ́ʰástaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *ȷ́ʰástaybʰyas |
| dative | *ȷ́ʰástāy | *ȷ́ʰástaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *ȷ́ʰástaybʰyas |
| genitive | *ȷ́ʰástasya | *ȷ́ʰástayās | *ȷ́ʰástāna(H)m |
| locative | *ȷ́ʰástay | *ȷ́ʰástayaw | *ȷ́ʰástayšu |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰástas
- Sanskrit: हस्त (hásta) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian: *jástah, *dástah (probable dissimilation)
- Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀 (zasta)
- Bactrian: λιστο (listo)
- Gurani: دەس (das)
- Northern Kurdish: dest
- Old Persian: 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t /dasta/)
- Middle Persian: 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (dast)
- Persian: دست (dast)
- Middle Persian: 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (dast)
- Parthian: dst (dast)
- Pashto: لاس (lās)
- Zazaki: dest (dast)
- Proto-Nuristani: *dásta (probable dissimilation)
- Northern Nuristani:
- Kamkata-viri:
- Kamviri: dǘšt
- Kativiri: dúšt
- Prasuni: lust
- Kamkata-viri:
- Southern Nuristani:
- Ashkun: dóst
- Tregami: dö́š
- Waigali: dost
- Northern Nuristani:
References
- Strand, Richard F. (2016) Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon