Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ǰátu

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷét-u, from *gʷet- (“resin, gum”).[1] Cognate with Proto-Germanic *kweduz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷet-ú-s.

Noun

*ǰátu n[2]

gum

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́átu
- Sanskrit: जतु (játu)
  - Dardic:
    - Kashmiri: زَو‎ (zav)
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Bengali: জউ (jôu, “lac”)
    - Oriya: ଜଉ (jôu, “lac”)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀉 (jaü)
  - Pali: jatu
Proto-Iranian: *ǰátu
- Southeastern Iranian:
  - Pashto: ژاوله‎ (žā́wla), جاوله‎ (jā́nwla), جانوله‎ (jā́nwala), زاوله‎ (zā́wla)
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Central Kurdish: ژِوی‎ (jiwî), جەوی‎ (cewî), جەوِگ‎ (cewig)
  - → Northern Luri: [script needed] (ževi)
  - → Persian: ژد‎ (žad, “gum”) (dialectal)
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Bakhtiari: [script needed] (zeδī)
  - Southern Luri: [script needed] (zehī)
  - → Kermanic: [script needed] (zay), [script needed] (zatūk) (Abyaneh)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *Hanguǰatu (“asafoetida”) (see there for further descendants)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwedu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 315
Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “jatu-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwedu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 315

[2] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “jatu-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University