Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćúšnas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Borrowed from a substrate. Compare Proto-Slavic *smokъ (“dragon”), which may be a borrowing from Proto-Iranian *ĉúšnakah.

Noun

*ćúšnas m[1][2]

(mythology) dragon, serpent

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ćúšnas	*ćúšnā	*ćúšnā, -ās(as)
vocative	*ćúšna	*ćúšnā	*ćúšnā, -ās(as)
accusative	*ćúšnam	*ćúšnā	*ćúšnāns
instrumental	*ćúšnā	*ćúšnaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*ćúšnāyš
ablative	*ćúšnāt	*ćúšnaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*ćúšnaybʰyas
dative	*ćúšnāy	*ćúšnaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*ćúšnaybʰyas
genitive	*ćúšnasya	*ćúšnayās	*ćúšnāna(H)m
locative	*ćúšnay	*ćúšnayaw	*ćúšnayšu

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *śúšnas
- Sanskrit: शुष्ण (śúṣṇa, “name of a demon slain by Indra”)
Iranian: *ĉúšnaH f
- Shughni: [script needed] f (sāγ̌(d))
  Bartagni: [script needed] f (sāwn, “big snake”)
  Khufi: [script needed] f (sāw)
  Rushani: [script needed] f (sāw, “kind of snake”)

References

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “śúṣṇa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 649
Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (2016) Rozważania nad genezą prasłowiańskiego apelatywu *smokъ [Some reflections on the origin of the Proto-Slavic term for ‘dragon’]‎ (in Polish), Uniwersytet Łódzki

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “śúṣṇa-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 649

[2] Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (2016) Rozważania nad genezą prasłowiańskiego apelatywu *smokъ [Some reflections on the origin of the Proto-Slavic term for ‘dragon’]‎ (in Polish), Uniwersytet Łódzki