Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćwā́

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Cognate with Proto-Italic *kō, Proto-Germanic *hundaz. In late Proto-Indo-Iranian, *kúttas displaces this inherited word, with reflexes such as Ashokan Prakrit *𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (*kutta) and Proto-Iranian *kútah.

Noun

*ćwā́ m

dog

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *śwā́
- Sanskrit: श्वन् (śván, nom. sg. श्वा (śvā́), gen. sg. शुनः (śúnaḥ)))
  - Dardic: *špā́
    - Kalasha: šọ̃́a
    - Kashmiri: ہوٗن‎ (hūn)
  - Pali: sā, soṇa
    - → Thai: โสณ (sǒon)
  - → Hindi: श्वान (śvān)
- Middle Indo-Aryan: *śuvāṇa
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡 (suvāṇa)
    - Old Marathi: सुणें n (suṇeṃ), सुणा m (suṇā), सुणी f (suṇī)
    - Konkani: सुणो (suṇô)
Iranian: *ćwā́ (see there for further descendants)