Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/yámHas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *yémHos, from *yemH- (“to hold”).

Noun

*yámHas m

pair, twin

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*yámHas	*yámHā	*yámHā, -ās(as)
vocative	*yámHa	*yámHā	*yámHā, -ās(as)
accusative	*yámHam	*yámHā	*yámHāns
instrumental	*yámHā	*yámHaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*yámHāyš
ablative	*yámHāt	*yámHaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*yámHaybʰyas
dative	*yámHāy	*yámHaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām	*yámHaybʰyas
genitive	*yámHasya	*yámHayās	*yámHāna(H)m
locative	*yámHay	*yámHayaw	*yámHayšu

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *yámHas
- Sanskrit: यम (yáma)
  - Dardic: *yáma
    - Khowar: جمژ‎ (ǰamiž)
  - Helu:
    - Sinhalese: යමා (yamā)
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: जेंवां (jenvā̃)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: जवा (javā)
  - Pali: yama
Iranian: *yámHah
- Old Avestan: 𐬫𐬇𐬨𐬀‎‎ (yə̄ma‎)
Nuristani: *yáma
- ⇒ Nuristani: *yāmaṇa
  - Northern Nuristani:
    - Kamkata-viri:
      Kamviri: iāmṇa
      Kativiri: iāmṇa
  - Southern Nuristani:
    - Waigali: iāmūṇa