Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kšurás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Alternative forms

*kšúriH f

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ksu-ró-s, from *ksew- (“to scrape, sharpen, shave”).

Noun

*kšurás m

dagger, razor, sharp knife

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kšurás	*kšurā́	*kšurā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative	*kšura	*kšurā́	*kšurā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative	*kšurám	*kšurā́	*kšurā́ns
instrumental	*kšurā́	*kšuráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*kšurā́yš
ablative	*kšurā́t	*kšuráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*kšuráybʰyas
dative	*kšurā́y	*kšuráybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām	*kšuráybʰyas
genitive	*kšurásya	*kšuráyās	*kšurā́na(H)m
locative	*kšuráy	*kšuráyaw	*kšuráyšu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣurás
- Sanskrit: क्षुर (kṣurá), क्षुरी f (kṣúrī)
  - Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀙𑀼𑀭 (chura), 𑀙𑀼𑀭𑀻 (churī)
    - Awadhi: छूरा (chūrā)
  - Dardic:
    - Dameli: [script needed] (c̣huri)
    - Domaaki: [script needed] (čuri)
    - Kalami: [script needed] (c̣hur)
    - Kalasha: [script needed] (c̣hūři)
    - Kashmiri: [script needed] (khūru)
    - Phalura: [script needed] (c̣hūr)
    - Shina: [script needed] (c̣ūr)
    - Torwali: [script needed] (c̣hū)
  - Helu:
    - Sinhalese: සිරිය (siriya)
  - Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀙𑀼𑀭 (chura), 𑀙𑀼𑀭𑀻 (churī)
    - Assamese: ছুৰী (suri)
    - Bengali: ছুরি (churi)
    - Bihari: छूरा (chūrā)
      - Maithili: छूरा (chūrā), छूरी (chūrī)
      - Bhojpuri: छूरा (chūrā)
    - Oriya: ଛୁରା (chura), ଛୁରୀ (churi)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀙𑀼𑀭 (chura), 𑀙𑀼𑀭𑀻 (churī)
    - Old Marathi: सुरा (surā), सुरी (surī)
      - Marathi: सुरा (surā), सुरी (surī)
  - Pali: khura
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀙𑀼𑀭 (chura), 𑀙𑀼𑀭𑀻 (churī)
    - Garhwali: छुरी (churī)
    - Gujarati: છરો (charo), છરી (charī)
    - Hindi: छुरा (churā), छुरी (churī)
    - Kumaoni: छुरो (churo), छुरी (churī)
    - Nepali: छुरा (churā)
    - Punjabi: ਛੁਰਾ (churā), ਛੁਰੀ (churī)
    - Romani: ćhuri, churi, shuri; ćhurik, ćuri, śuri; čhuri, čuri, šuri
      - Tavringer Romani: tjuro, tjuring
        → Swedish: tjuring
      - Romanian: șuriu
      - French: surin
        → French: suriner
      - Traveller Norwegian: kjuring
        → Norwegian Nynorsk: kjuring
    - Sindhi: छुरी (churī)
  - → Telugu: క్షురము (kṣuramu)
Proto-Nuristani: *čúri (“sickle”) (< *kšúryas) (see there for further descendants)