< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hyawdʰ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *Hyewdʰ- (“to move, to be agitated”). [1]
Root
*Hyawdʰ-
- to fight, to battle
- to struggle
Descendants
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyawdʰ-
- Sanskrit: युध् (yudh) (zero grade)
- Iranian: *Hyawd-
- Avestan: 𐬫𐬏𐬜- (yūδ-)
Derived terms
- *Hyáwdʰati
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyáwdʰati
- Sanskrit: योधति (yodhati)
- Iranian: *Hyáwdati
- Old Persian: [script needed] (yaudatīy)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyáwdʰati
- *Hyúdʰyati
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyúdʰyati
- Sanskrit: युध्यति (yudhyati), युध्यते (yudhyate)
- Pali: yujjhati
- Magadhi Prakrit: [Term?]
- Assamese: যুঁজা (zũza)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇 (jujjhaï)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀤𑀺 (jujjhadi)
- Gujarati: ઝૂઝવું (jhūjhvũ)
- Hindi: जूझना (jūjhnā)
- Sanskrit: युध्यति (yudhyati), युध्यते (yudhyate)
- Iranian: *Hyúdyati
- Avestan: 𐬫𐬏𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (yūiδiieiti)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyúdʰyati
- *Hyudʰyás
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyudʰyás
- Sanskrit: युध्य (yudhyá)
- Magadhi Prakrit: [Term?]
- Middle Assamese: যুঝ (jujho)
- Assamese: যুঁজ (zũz)
- Middle Assamese: যুঝ (jujho)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛 (jujjha)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: [Term?]
- Hindi: जूझ (jūjh)
- Magadhi Prakrit: [Term?]
- Sanskrit: युध्य (yudhyá)
- Iranian: *Hyudyáh
- Avestan: 𐬫𐬎𐬛𐬌𐬌𐬀 (yudiia)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyudʰyás
- *Hyudᶻdʰás (“fought”)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyudʰdʰás
- Sanskrit: युद्ध (yuddhá)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (juddha)
- Sanskrit: युद्ध (yuddhá)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyudʰdʰás
- *Hyawdʰás (“warrior”)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyawdʰás
- Sanskrit: योध (yodhá)
- Iranian: *Hyawdáh
- Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬁-𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 (aspā-iiaoδa, “horse warrior”)
- Indo-Aryan: *Hyawdʰás
- Unsorted formations:
- Iranian:
- Khotanese: 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑁆- (juv-, “to fight”)
- Parthian: yws- (“to battle”), ywd- (“to strive for”)
- Iranian:
References
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “yodh-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University