Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ḱey- (imperfective)[1][2]

to be lying down
to settle

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱey-

*ḱéy-tor ~ *ḱéy-ror (deponent athematic Narten root present)
*ḱéy-dʰh₁e-ti (dʰh₁e-present)[3]
- Proto-Celtic: *kēdeti (“to fall”)
  - Proto-Brythonic:
    - Middle Breton: coezaff
      - Breton: kouezhañ
    - Cornish: koedha, kodha
    - Welsh: cwyddo
      - ⇒ Welsh: digwydd
*ḱéy-us (“orphan”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćáyuš (see there for further descendants)
*ḱey-ro-s (“orphaned”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *śeiros
  - Lithuanian: šeirỹs
  - Proto-Slavic: *sirъ (see there for further descendants)
*ḱéy-wo-s (“intimate, dear, friendly”)[4][5][6]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *śéiwāˀ
  - Latvian: siẽva
  - Latgalian: sīva
- Proto-Germanic: *hīwą, *hīwô n (“sg. household member, pl. married couple, household”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćáywas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śáywas
    - Sanskrit: शेव (śéva, “dear, friendly”), शिव (śivá, “auspicious, propitious, gracious”)
- Proto-Italic: *keiwis (i-stem derivation)
  - Latin: cīvis
*ḱóy-mos[7][8][9][10]
*ḱoy-neh₂[11]
- Proto-Italic: *koinā
  - Latin: cūnae
*ḱoy-teh₂
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κοίτη (koítē)
Unsorted formations
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian: *tšūtja
    - Albanian: cys
  - Proto-Albanian: *kiiē-
    - Albanian: qoj
  - Proto-Albanian: *tseu-
    - Albanian: ndërsej
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: սէր (sēr)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Slavic:
    - Old Church Slavonic: посивьнъ (posivĭnŭ)
    - Old East Slavic: посивъ (posivŭ)
      - Russian: посив (posiv)[12]
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κινέω (kinéō)
  - Ancient Greek: κίω (kíō)

References

Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*saiH-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 328
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?2.*k̑ei̯-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 321
Derksen, Rick (2015), “sieva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 549-550
Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hīwōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 227
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cīvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Derksen, Rick (2015), “kiemas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 243-244
Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*koymo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220
Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kaima-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κεῖμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663-664
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cūnae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “посив”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*saiH-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 328

[3] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?2.*k̑ei̯-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 321

[4] Derksen, Rick (2015), “sieva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 549-550

[5] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hīwōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 227

[6] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cīvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[7] Derksen, Rick (2015), “kiemas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 243-244

[8] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*koymo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220

[9] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kaima-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

[10] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κεῖμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663-664

[11] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cūnae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153

[ru_посив-12] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “посив”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱey-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

See also

Derived terms

References