Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰéslom

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *ǵʰes- (“hand”) +‎ *-lom, as if "full hand".

Numeral

**Proto-Indo-European cardinal numbers**
< 100	1,000
Cardinal : *ǵʰéslom

*ǵʰéslom n[1][2]

thousand
Synonym: *tuHsont-

Derived terms

*ǵʰesl-i-yoy[2][3]
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰehliyoi[2]
  - Ancient Greek: χῑ́λιοι (khī́lioi)
    - ⇒ Ancient Greek: χιλιάς (khiliás) (+ -ᾰ́ς (-ás)) (see there for further descendants)
*sm-ih₂-ǵʰésl-ih₂[2] (+ *sm̥- (“one”) + *-ih₂)
- Proto-Italic: *smīɣeslī[1][2]
  - Latin: mīlle (see there for further descendants)
*sm̥-ǵʰéslom[1][3] (+ *sm̥- (“one”))
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *saȷ́ʰásram (see there for further descendants)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*g̑héslo-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 446
Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 86
García Ramón, José Luis (2017–2018), “Chapter VII: Greek”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Greek, page 667

[IEW-1] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*g̑héslo-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 446

[Lipp-2] Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 86

[HCHIEL-3] García Ramón, José Luis (2017–2018), “Chapter VII: Greek”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Greek, page 667