Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/éti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*h₁eti[1]

Etymology

From *h₁é. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Adverb

*éti[2]

beyond
over
and

Descendants

Armenian:
- (?) Old Armenian: -է (-ē)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ati (from *h₁óti, unless from *h₂éti)
- Lithuanian: at- (“back, away”)
- Latvian: at- (“back away”)
- Old Prussian: et-, at-
- Proto-Slavic: *otъ (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *ati-
- Gaulish: ate-
- Proto-Brythonic: *ad-
  - Cornish: as-
  - Welsh: ad-
- Old Irish: aith-, ath-
  - Irish: ath-
  - Manx: aa-
  - Scottish Gaelic: ath-
Proto-Germanic: *idi, *idi- (see there for further descendants)
Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ἔτι (éti, “yet”)
- Ancient Greek: ἀτάρ (atár, “but”)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *áti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *áti
  - Sanskrit: अति (áti) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian: *áti
  - Avestan: 𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (aⁱti)
  - Old Persian: 𐎠𐎫𐎹 (atiy), 𐎢𐎫𐎠 (utā)
Proto-Italic: *et
- Latin: et (“and”) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Tocharian: *āté[3]
- Tocharian B: ate
Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: -ṣ

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “ate”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 10

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[3] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “ate”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 10