< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wáy
Proto-Indo-European
Alternative forms
- *uwáy (based on Anatolian and Indo-Iranian)
Etymology
Might have been from an earlier *uwáy (“to see oneself”), which has been preserved in Hittite [script needed] (uwai) and Sanskrit उवे (uvé). The form *wáy would then represent a later innovation. But probably of expressive origin.
Interjection
*wáy[1]
- oh!
- ah!
- woe!
- alas!
Derived terms
- *waylos (“howler; wolf”)
Descendants
- Proto-Anatolian: *uwáy
- Hittite: [script needed] (uwai)
- Albanian: vaj
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wái
- Latvian: vai
- Lithuanian: vaĩ
- Proto-Slavic: *uvy
- Proto-Celtic: *wai (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *wai (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Hellenic: *wái
- >? Ancient Greek: αἴ (aí), αἶ (aî), οἴ (oí)
- >? Ancient Greek: οὐαί (ouaí) (possibly)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáy, *uwáy
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *uwáy
- Sanskrit: उवे (uvé)
- Proto-Iranian: *wáy
- Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬫𐬋𐬌 (vayōi)
- Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾd /wāy/), 𐫇𐫀𐫏 (wʾy /wāy/)
- Persian: وای (vây)
- → Turkish: vay
- Parthian: 𐫇𐫀𐫏 (wʾy /wāy/)
- Zazaki: way
- → Old Armenian: վայ (vay)
- Armenian: վայ (vay)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *uwáy
- Proto-Italic: *wai
- Latin: vae (see there for further descendants)
- Unsorted formations:
- ⇒? Proto-Celtic: *wailannā[2] (see there for further descendants)
- → English: gull, seagull
- ⇒? Proto-Celtic: *wailannā[2] (see there for further descendants)
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1110–1111
- Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 115–116