< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wl̥kʷíh₂s
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *wĺ̥kʷos + *-ih₂s.
Noun
*wl̥kʷíh₂s f[1]
- she-wolf
Inflection
Athematic, hysterokinetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *wl̥kʷíh₂s | ||
genitive | *wl̥kʷih₂és | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *wl̥kʷíh₂s | *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) | *wl̥kʷíh₂es |
vocative | *wl̥kʷíh₂ | *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) | *wl̥kʷíh₂es |
accusative | *wl̥kʷíh₂m̥ | *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) | *wl̥kʷíh₂m̥s |
genitive | *wl̥kʷih₂és | *? | *wl̥kʷih₂óHom |
ablative | *wl̥kʷih₂és | *? | *wl̥kʷih₂mós |
dative | *wl̥kʷih₂éy | *? | *wl̥kʷih₂mós |
locative | *wl̥kʷíh₂, *wl̥kʷíh₂i | *? | *wl̥kʷih₂sú |
instrumental | *wl̥kʷih₂éh₁ | *? | *wl̥kʷih₂mís |
Alternative reconstructions
- *wl̥kʷíHs[2]
- *wl̥kʷíh₁s[3]
- *wl̥kʷyéh₂s ~ *wl̥kʷih₂és[4]
Descendants
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wilkī́ˀ
- ⇒? Lithuanian: vìlkė (“she-wolf”), vil̃kė (“she-wolf”)
- ⇒? Lithuanian: vilkijà (“a pack of wolves”)
- ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wilkī́ˀkāˀ
- Proto-Slavic: *vьlčìca
- Proto-Germanic: *wulgī (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥kíHs
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥kíHs
- Sanskrit: वृकी (vṛkī́)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥kíHs
References
- Kapović, Mate (2017), “Part 1 Chapter 2: Proto-Indo-European morphology”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 67: “*wl̥kʷ-ih₂-s”
- Lundquist, Jesse; Yates, Anthony D. (2017–2018), “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Proto-Indo-European, page 2095: “*wl̥kʷíhₓs”
- Widmer, Paul (2005), “Der altindische vrki-Typus und hethitisch nakki”, in Die Sprache, volume 45, issue 1-2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
- Meier-Brügger, Michael (2002) Indogermanisches Sprachwissenschaft, 8th edition, Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, W. 204, page 291