Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/weyp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*weyp- or *weyb-[1][2][3][4][5][6]

to shake, tremble, agitate
to swing, sway
to turn, wind, rotate, wrap (around)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyp-

*wéyp-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Germanic: *wīpaną (from *wéyb-eti) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáypati (“to tremble”)
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáypati
    - Sanskrit: वेपते (vépate)
  - Proto-Iranian: *wáypati (“to swing, shake”)[6]
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (vaēpaiia, “to be homosexual”)
    - Northeastern Iranian:
      - Khufi: wib (“cry to bullock”)
      - Ossetian:
        Digor: (ӕйй)евун ((æjj)evun, “to change (color)”), (ӕйй)ивд ((æjj)ivd)
        Iron: и́вын (ívyn, “to change (color)”), ивд (ivd)
      - Yazghulami: wib-, wipt (“to turn round a team bullocks while threshing”)
    - Persian گیفر‎ (geyfar, “butterchurn”)
*woyp-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Germanic: *waibijaną (“to wind (around), wrap”)
  - Old High German: ziweibjan (“to scatter, disperse”)
  - Old Norse: veifa (“to swing, wave”)
  - Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (biwaibjan, “to wind around, wrap, clothe”)
  - Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (faurwaipjan, “to muzzle, bind”)
  - Proto-Germanic: *waibjō
    - Old Norse: veifa (“flag”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waypáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *waypáyati
    - Sanskrit: वेपयति (vepayati, “to cause to tremble, agitate, shake, move”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *waypáyati
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌‎‎ (vaēpaiieⁱti‎)[6]
*wi-né-b-ti ~ *wi-m-b-énti
- Proto-Germanic: *wimpaną
  - ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *wimpilaz (“wrapped cloth, scarf, wimple”) (see there for further descendants)
*wip-rós (“trembling, swinging, agitated”)[7]
- Proto-Germanic: *wibraz (“missile, sword”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wiprás (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *wibrāō (“trembling”)[7]
  - Latin: vibrō (“to move to and fro”)
*woyp-eh₂yéti
- Proto-Germanic: *waibōną
  - Old English: wāfian (“to be agitated, to stare in amazement”)
*weyp-s-
- *weyps-eh₁yéti
  - Proto-Slavic: *visěti
- *woyps-yeh₂yéti
  - Proto-Slavic: *věšati
Unsorted formations:
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: viẽpti, viẽpia, viẽpē (“to make a face, gape”)
  - Latvian: viẽptiês, viêptiês (“to rotate, twist, makea face, grimace”)
  - Lithuanian: vaipī́tis (“to grimace, make a sour face, bend”)
  - Lithuanian: vī́burti, vī́buria, vī́burē (“swing, turn around, flutter”)
  - Lithuanian: vìpti, vim̃pa, vìpo (“to fall off, gape”)
  - Lithuanian: vỹpti, vỹpsta, vỹpo (“to bend”)
  - Latvian: vaîbît, vaîbu, vaîbît (“to distort, adjust (one's face)”)
  - Latvian: viêbt, viêbju, viêbĩju (“to adjust (one's face)”)
  - Latvian: vìepe (“covering, casing, linen envelope”)
  - Latvian: viept, viepju, viepu (“to cover, distort (one's face)”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *waypas
  - Proto-Iranian: *waypah (“inspired song”) (possibly)
    - → Old Armenian: վէպ (vēp)
- Tocharian:
  - Tocharian B: wip-, wīpäṣṣäṃ (“to shake, swing”, 3s.)
  - Tocharian B: waipalau, waiwalau (“vertigo, giddiness”)
  - Tocharian B: waipe* (m.sg.), waipe (“banner, flag”, obl.sg.)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959), “u̯eip-, u̯eib-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1131-1132
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯ei̯p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 671
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*weip- ~ *weib-”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 378
Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wimonā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421: “*weyb/p-”
Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “waipe*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 667: “*woib/po-”
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “u̯aip”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415: “*u̯eip-”
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vibrō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 674: “*uip/b-ro-”

[IEW-1] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “u̯eip-, u̯eib-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1131-1132

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*u̯ei̯p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 671

[3] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*weip- ~ *weib-”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 378

[4] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wimonā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421: “*weyb/p-”

[5] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “waipe*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 667: “*woib/po-”

[Cheung2007-6] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “u̯aip”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415: “*u̯eip-”

[DeVaan-7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vibrō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 674: “*uip/b-ro-”