< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tḱéyti
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Athematic root present of the root *tḱey-.
Verb
*tḱéyti (imperfective)[1][2]
- to settle, to populate
- to live, to dwell (i.e to be settled)
- to cultivate
Inflection
| Imperfective, athematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *tḱéyti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *tḱyénti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *tḱéymi | *tḱḗm | — | *tḱéyoh₂ | *tḱiyéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *tḱéysi | *tḱéys | *tḱéy, *tḱidʰí | *tḱéyesi | *tḱiyéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *tḱéyti | *tḱéyt | *tḱéytu | *tḱéyeti | *tḱiyéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *tḱiwós | *tḱiwé | — | *tḱéyowos | *tḱyih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *tḱités | *tḱitóm | *tḱitóm | *tḱéyetes | *tḱyih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *tḱités | *tḱitā́m | *tḱitā́m | *tḱéyetes | *tḱyih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *tḱimós | *tḱimé | — | *tḱéyomos | *tḱyih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *tḱité | *tḱité | *tḱité | *tḱéyete | *tḱyih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *tḱyénti | *tḱyént | *tḱyéntu | *tḱéyonti | *tḱyih₁ént |
| Participle | *tḱyónts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *tḱih₂ér | *tḱih₂é | — | *tḱéyoh₂er | *tḱyih₁h₂é |
| 2nd singular | *tḱith₂ér | *tḱith₂é | *tḱisó | *tḱéyeth₂er | *tḱyih₁th₂é |
| 3rd singular | *tḱitór, *tḱyór | *tḱitó, *tḱyó | *? | *tḱéyetor | *tḱyih₁tó, *tḱyih₁ó |
| 1st dual | *tḱiwósdʰh₂ | *tḱiwédʰh₂ | — | *tḱéyowosdʰh₂ | *tḱyih₁wédʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *tḱimósdʰh₂ | *tḱimédʰh₂ | — | *tḱéyomosdʰh₂ | *tḱyih₁médʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *tḱidʰh₂wé | *tḱidʰh₂wé | *tḱidʰh₂wé | *tḱéyedʰh₂we | *tḱyih₁dʰh₂wé |
| 3rd plural | *tḱirór, *tḱyn̥tór | *tḱiró, *tḱyn̥tó | *? | *tḱéyoror, *tḱéyontor | *tḱyih₁ró, *tḱyih₁n̥tó |
| Participle | *tḱym̥h₁nós | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-Hellenic: *ktéimi
- Mycenaean Greek: 𐀑𐀴𐀋𐀯 (ki-ti-je-si, /ktijensi/)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćšáyti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ṭṣáyti
- Sanskrit: क्षेति (kṣéti, 3sg.pres.act.); क्षियन्ति (kṣiyánti, 3pl.pres.act.)
- Proto-Iranian: *šáyti
- Avestan: 𐬱𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬙𐬌 (šaēiti), 𐬱𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬙𐬍 (šaēitī, 3sg.pres.act.); 𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (šiieiṇti), 𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬍 (šiieiṇtī, 3pl.pres.act.)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ṭṣáyti
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “k̑þei̯-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 626
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*tk̑ei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 643-644