Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tus

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Suffix

*(é)-tus m

Derives action nouns from verb roots.

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*(é)-tus
genitive	*(Ø)-téws
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*(é)-tus	*(é)-tuh₁(e)	*(é)-tewes
vocative	*(é)-tu	*(é)-tuh₁(e)	*(é)-tewes
accusative	*(é)-tum	*(é)-tuh₁(e)	*(é)-tums
genitive	*(Ø)-téws	*?	*(Ø)-téwoHom
ablative	*(Ø)-téws	*?	*(Ø)-túmos
dative	*(Ø)-téwey	*?	*(Ø)-túmos
locative	(Ø)-téw, (Ø)-téwi	*?	*(Ø)-túsu
instrumental	*(Ø)-túh₁	*?	*(Ø)-túbʰi

Derived terms

Category Proto-Indo-European nouns suffixed with *-tus not found

*-tu-no- (with *-no-)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: -συνος (-sunos), -σύνη (-súnē)
*-tew-d-h₃onh₂- (with *-h₃onh₂-)
- Italic:
  - Latin: -tūdō
*-tweh₂ (*-tu-eh₂ (feminine))

Descendants

Germanic: *-þuz
Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: -τύς (-tús)
Italic:
- Latin: -tum (the supine; exists only in accusative and ablative)
- Latin: -tus
Slavic: *-tъ (As with other old u-stems in Slavic, some lemmas derived with this suffixed were later extended with *-kъ, e.g. *datъkъ (“load”) ← *dati)