Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tek-

< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tek-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root 1

*tek-[1][2][3][4]

1. to take by the hand
2. to receive, obtain

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tek- (receive)

• *ték-e-ti
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tektei
    • Latvian: tikt
    • Lithuanian: tèkti
  • Proto-Celtic: *teketi
    • Proto-Brythonic:
      • Breton: tizaff
    • Old Irish: ad·teich (see there for further descendants)
• *tek-yé-ti
  • Proto-Germanic: *þigjaną (see there for further descendants)
• *tk-e-tróm
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšatrám (see there for further descendants)
• *tk-eh₂-
  • Ancient Greek: κτάομαι (ktáomai)
  • Ancient Greek: κτέανον (ktéanon)
  • Ancient Greek: κτῆμα (ktêma)
  • Ancient Greek: κτῆνος (ktênos)
  • Ancient Greek: κτῆσις (ktêsis)
• *tk-éy-ti (athematic present (imperfective))
  • ⇒? *tkey- (reanalyzed root)
    • ⇒ *tkéy-e-ti (thematicized present)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšáyati (“to rule, have power over, control”)
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣáyati
          • Sanskrit: क्षयति (kṣáyati)
        • Proto-Iranian: *xšáyati
          • ⇒ Old Persian: 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/, “king”), 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 (x-š-a-y-θ-i-y)
            • Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠‎ (MLKA /šāh/)
              • Persian: شاه‎ (šâh) (see there for further descendants)
              • Tajik: шоҳ (šoh)

• Unsorted formations:
  • >? Proto-Celtic: (or borrowed from Germanic?)
    • Old Irish: taca (“prop, support, peg”, noun)
      • Irish: taca
      • Scottish Gaelic: taca

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “tek-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1057-1058
2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1.*tek-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 618-619
3. Derksen, Rick (2015), “tekti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 462
4. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þegjan-; *þegna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 536

See also

• *deḱ- (“to take”)
• *teh₂g- (“to touch, take in the hand”)

Root 2

*tek-[1][2][3][4]

1. to weave

Reconstruction notes

This root is similar to *teḱ- (“to produce, beget, sire”), and their descendants have partial semantic overlap. Only Old Armenian թեքեմ (tʿekʿem) conclusively points to the plain-velar *k, so it is often assumed that the other (Centum) descendants listed below are from *teḱ-. It is also possible, though can be neither confirmed nor disproven, that the two are different but related forms of one original root.

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tek- (weave)

• *ték-e-ti
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: թեքեմ (tʿekʿem), թեկեմ (tʿekem)
      • Armenian: թեքել (tʿekʿel)
• *ték-seti
  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒈭𒆠𒅖𒍣 (tákkišzi)
  • Proto-Germanic: *þehsaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *teksō
    • Latin: texō (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • >? Old Armenian: թեզան (tʿezan) (perhaps by conflation with *(s)tegʰ- (“to stitch”) or another root) (see there for further descendants)

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “tek-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1058
2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2.*tek-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 619-620
3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “texō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 619
4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “takš-^zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 939-940

See also

• *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”) (sometimes reconstructed as *tek-)