Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂-

< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/teh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*teh₂-

1. to melt
2. to flow, stream

Descendants

• *teh₂-
  • Celtic: *tāyeti (“to melt”)
    • Old Irish: taíd
  • Iranian: *taH- (“to flow; to melt”)[1]
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Chorasmian: t’sy-‎ (“to melt”)
      • Ossetian:
        • Digor: тайун (tajun, “to melt, thaw”), уодайун (uodajun, “to wet, soak”)
        • Iron: та́йын (tájyn, “to melt, thaw”), у́дайын (údajyn, “to wet, soak”)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Awromani: [script needed] (tāwiā́y)
      • Gurani: [script needed] (-tāwin-, “to melt”)
      • Kurdish:
        • Sina: [script needed] (tāwiān, “to dissolve, melt”)
        • Central Kurdish:
          • Sorani: تاوان‎ (tâwân), تاوێ‎ (tâwe-), تاواندن‎ (tâwândin), تاوێن‎ (tâwen-, “to melt”)
          • Sūlaymāniyya: [script needed] (tuān)
  • Slavic: *tàjati (“to thaw”) (see there for further descendants)
• *teh₂-bʰ-eh₁- (“to be melting”)
  • Italic: *tāfē-
    • Latin: tābēs (“melting, decay”), tābēo (“to rot, decay”), tābum (“gore”)
• *teh₂-dʰ-
  • Celtic: *tādeti (“to melt”)
    • Brythonic: *tọðɨd
      • Old Breton: todint
        • Middle Breton: teuziff
          • Breton: teuziñ
      • Cornish: tedha
      • Welsh: toddaf, toddi
• *teh₂-(e)y-nos
  • Germanic: *þainaz (“wet, moist”)
    • Old English: þān
      • Middle English: *than, *thon
        • English: thone, thoan
        • Scots: thane, thain
• *teh₂-k- (“to melt”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: τήκω (tḗkō, “to melt”), τηκτός (tēktós, “molten”)
    • Doric Greek: τάκωω (tákōō, “to melt”)
  • Iranian: *taHč- (“to melt”)[1]
    • Khotanese: byāj- (byāj-, “to dissolve”)
    • Northern Kurdish: bihostin, bihos- (“to melt”)
    • Parthian: wdc- (“to melt”), w(y)d’c- (“to dissolve”)
    • Middle Persian:
      • Manichaean: wdc- (“to melt”)
      • Book Pahlavi: wt’c- (widāz-, “to melt”), wt’cyn- (widāzēn-, “to cause to melt”)
        • Persian: گداختن‎ (godâxtan), گداز‎ (godâz, “to smelt, melt”)
          • Tajik: гудохтан (gudoxtan)
    • Sogdian: [script needed] (wyt’wxs, “to disappear, melt away”), [script needed] (wyt’yc, “to melt”)
• *teh₂-m-us
  • Celtic: *tāmu-
    • Old Irish: tám (“plague, death”)
• *teh₂-w- (“to melt”)
  • Germanic: *þawōną, *þawjaną (“to thaw, melt”)
    • Old Dutch: *thōien
      • Middle Dutch: doyen
        • Dutch: dooien
    • Old English: þāwian
      • Middle English: thawen
        • English: thaw
    • West Frisian: teie
    • Old High German: thouwen
      • Middle High German: touwen
        • German: tauen
    • Old Norse: þeyja
      • Icelandic: þeyja
      • Danish: tö
      • Norwegian: töya
      • Swedish: töa
    • Old Saxon: farthewian
• *th₂-es-yeh₂
  • Celtic: *tasyā
    • Old Irish: taise (“dampness; corpse, decay”)
• *th₂-es-yós
  • Celtic: *tasyos
    • Old Irish: tais (“damp, moist; soft, spongy”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Old Armenian: թանամ (tʿanam, “to make wet”), թան (tʿan, “soup”), թանչ (tʿančʿ, “dysentery”)[2]
  • Baltic:
    • Lithuanian: tyras
    • Latvian: tīrelis (“moor”)
  • Germanic: *þaismô (“yeast”)
    • Old English: þǣsma
    • Old Saxon: *theismo
      • Middle Low German: dēsem
    • Old Dutch: *deismo
      • Middle Dutch: deesem, deysom, desem
        • Dutch: desem
    • Old High German: deismo
      • Middle High German: deisme
        • German: Deisam
  • Sanskrit: तामर (tāmara, “water”), तोयम् (toyam, “water”), Sanskrit: तोशते (tośate, “drip, distil, trickle”), possibly Sanskrit: तुषार (tuṣāra, “rain, mist, drizzle, sleet, snow; frigid, wet”).

Root

*teh₂-

1. Alternative form of *steh₂-

References

1. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
2. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 97