Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tata-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tata-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Of imitative origin, echoing baby talk.[1]

Noun

*tata- m

1. dad, father

   Synonyms: *átta, *ph₂tḗr

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *tatā
  • Albanian: tatë (“father, dad”)[2]
• Proto-Anatolian:[3][4]
  • Luwian:

    Anatolian Hieroglyphs: [Anatolian Hieroglyphs needed] (tá-ti-sa /tátisa/, “father”, nom. sg.)

    Cuneiform: 𒋫𒀀𒋾𒅖 (ta-a-ti-iš /tātiš/, “father”, nom. sg.)

  • Lycian: 𐊗𐊁𐊅𐊆 (tedi, “father”, nom. sg.)
  • Lydian: 𐤯𐤠𐤠𐤣𐤠𐤮‎ (taadaś, “father”, nom. sg.)
• Proto-Armenian: *tat(a) (“grandmother; midwife; father”)[5]
  • Armenian: տատ (tat), տատի (tati), տատա (tata)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tata-
  • Proto-Baltic: *tet-ia-, *tẽt-iã- (e-vocalism)
    • East Baltic:
      • Latgalian: tēte (“dad, daddy”)
      • Latvian: tētis, tēte (“father, dad”)
      • Lithuanian: tė̃tis (“father”), tė̃tė (“dad”), tėtýtis; tẽtē (“father”) (East dialectal)
      • Samogitian: tìtis; táitis (“father”) (dialectal)
    • West Baltic:
      • Old Prussian: thetis (“grandfather”)
  • Proto-Slavic: *tata (“dad, daddy”)[6] (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Celtic: *tato- (“father”)[7]
  • Proto-Brythonic: *tad (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Irish: data (“foster father”)
• Proto-Germanic:
  • Proto-West Germanic:
    • Bavarian: tatte (“father, dad”)
    • German: Tate
    • Old Frisian: tatte
      • North Frisian: tääte (“father”)
  • Old Norse:
    • Icelandic: táta
    • Norwegian: taate
• Proto-Hellenic: *tata
  • Ancient Greek: τατᾶ (tatâ, “daddy”); τέττα (tétta, e-vocalism)[8]
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tatás, *tātás
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tatás, *tātás
    • Vedic Sanskrit: तत (tatá)
      • Sanskrit: तात (tātá) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Iranian: *tatáh, *tātáh
    • Central Iranian:
      • Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬁‎ (tā, “father”)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Wakhi: طاط‎ (tat, “father”)
      • Yagnobi: dodo (“father”)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Pashto: دادا‎ (dādā)
      • Ishkashimi: tot ~ tāt (“father”)
      • Sanglechi: tā̊t ~ tā̊ (“father”)
      • Shughni: тат (tat, “father”)
        • Roshani: таат (taat, “father”); татек (tatēk, “grandfather”)
    • Western Iranian:
      • Northwestern Iranian:
        • Baluchi: دادا‎ (dada, “grandfather”)
        • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *dada
          • Eshtehardi: دادا‎ (dādā, “father”)
          • Talysh: dada (“father”)
          • Zazaki: ded (“father's brother”), dedo (voc.)
      • Southwestern Iranian:
        • Northern Luri: تاته‎ (uncle, “tāta”)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *tā́ta, *tā́tta
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:

        Kamviri: tót

        Kativiri: tó

      • Prasuni: yá, yé
    • Southern Nuristani:
      • Waigali: tati, tatë, tëtë
• Proto-Italic: *tata
  • Latin: tata (“dad, daddy”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*tata-, *tē̆ta-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1056

References

1. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “tato”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372-73
2. Orel, Vladimir (1998), “tatë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 450
3. Puhvel, Jaan (1984), “*atta-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 1), volume 1, Berlin, New York, Amsterdam: Mouton, pages 224–226
4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “atta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 225–226
5. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “*tat(a)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 603
6. Chernykh, P. (1993), “тя́тя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 278
7. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*tato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 372–373
8. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “τατᾶ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1455