Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/suH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*seh₃u-
*sewH-

Etymology

Has been suggested to derive from *sewH- (“to give birth”) if the original meaning was “sow”.[1]

Possibly related to Akkadian 𒊺𒄷𒌑 (še-hu-u₂, “pig”) (Old Babylonian šahû), which may be an Indo-European borrowing, as well as Sumerian 𒋚 (šah), 𒂄 (šaḫ) and 𒍢𒄴 (ze₂-eh).[2][3]

Noun

*suH-

pig, hog, swine

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

Proto-Albanian: *sūs[4]
- Albanian: thi
Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Latvian: sivēns, suvēns
- Proto-Slavic: *svinъ, *svinьja (from an adjectival form) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *sūz, *swīną (from an adjectival form) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *hūs
- Ancient Greek: ὗς (hûs)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *suH- (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *sūs
- Latin: sūs, suīnus (from an adjectival form)
  - Aromanian: sãin ( < suīnus)
  - Romanian: sain ( < suīnus)
  - Sardinian: sue (Campidanese)
- Umbrian: sif
Proto-Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: suwo (< *suw-on-)

From the derived root with velar stop *suH-kéh₂:

Proto-Celtic: *sukkos (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *sugō (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *suHkarás, *suHkás (see there for further descendants)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 603
Clackson, James (2002) Indo-European Word Formation: Proceedings from the International Conference, p. 387–388
Whittaker, Gordon (2008), “The Case for Euphratic”, in Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences‎, volume 2, issue 3, pages 156–168.
Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: Investigations into the Albanian Inherited Lexicon] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 226

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 603

[2] Clackson, James (2002) Indo-European Word Formation: Proceedings from the International Conference, p. 387–388

[3] Whittaker, Gordon (2008), “The Case for Euphratic”, in Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences‎, volume 2, issue 3, pages 156–168.

[4] Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: Investigations into the Albanian Inherited Lexicon] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 226