< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stísteh₂ti
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Athematic i-reduplicated verb of the root *steh₂-.
Verb
*stísteh₂ti (imperfective)[1]
- to be standing up, to be getting up
Inflection
| Imperfective, athematic, active only | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *stísteh₂ti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *stísth₂n̥ti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *stísteh₂mi | *stístām | — | *stísteh₂oh₂ | *stísth₂yeh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *stísteh₂si | *stísteh₂s | *stísteh₂, *stísth₂dʰi | *stísteh₂esi | *stísth₂yeh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *stísteh₂ti | *stísteh₂t | *stísteh₂tu | *stísteh₂eti | *stísth₂yeh₁t |
| 1st dual | *stísth₂wos | *stísth₂we | — | *stísteh₂owos | *stísth₂ih₁we |
| 2nd dual | *stísth₂tes | *stísth₂tom | *stísth₂tom | *stísteh₂etes | *stísth₂ih₁tom |
| 3rd dual | *stísth₂tes | *stísth₂tām | *stísth₂tām | *stísteh₂etes | *stísth₂ih₁tām |
| 1st plural | *stísth₂mos | *stísth₂me | — | *stísteh₂omos | *stísth₂ih₁me |
| 2nd plural | *stísth₂te | *stísth₂te | *stísth₂te | *stísteh₂ete | *stísth₂ih₁te |
| 3rd plural | *stísth₂n̥ti | *stísth₂n̥t | *stísth₂n̥tu | *stísteh₂onti | *stísth₂ih₁n̥t |
| Participle | *stísth₂n̥ts | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-Celtic: *sistati
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Middle Welsh: gwaessaf
- Celtiberian: sistat
- Old Irish: sissidir, airsissedar, siasair
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Proto-Hellenic: *hístāmi
- Ancient Greek: ἵστημι (hístēmi), ἵστᾱμαι (hístāmai)
- Doric Greek: ἵστᾱμι (hístāmi)
- Ancient Greek: ἵστημι (hístēmi), ἵστᾱμαι (hístāmai)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stíštaHti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(s)tíṣṭaHti
- Sanskrit: तिष्ठति (tíṣṭhati)
- Proto-Iranian: *híštaHti
- Avestan: 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hištaiti, med.3.sg), 𐬵𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (hištəṇti, med.3.pl)[2]
- Old Persian: 𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎫 (aištatā-) (< *a-hišta-)
- Persian: ایستادن (īstādan)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *(s)tíṣṭaHti
- Proto-Italic: *sistō (see there for further descendants)
- Latin: sistō (see there for further descendants)
References
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*staH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 358