< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stéh₂yeti
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
*steh₂- (“stand”) + *-yeti.
Verb
*stéh₂yeti (imperfective)[1][2][3][4]
- to be standing
Inflection
| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *stéh₂yeti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *stéh₂yonti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *stéh₂yoh₂ | *stéh₂yom | — | *stéh₂yōh₂ | *stéh₂yoyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *stéh₂yesi | *stéh₂yes | *stéh₂ye | *stéh₂yēsi | *stéh₂yoys |
| 3rd singular | *stéh₂yeti | *stéh₂yet | *stéh₂yetu | *stéh₂yēti | *stéh₂yoyt |
| 1st dual | *stéh₂yowos | *stéh₂yowe | — | *stéh₂yōwos | *stéh₂yoywe |
| 2nd dual | *stéh₂yetes | *stéh₂yetom | *stéh₂yetom | *stéh₂yētes | *stéh₂yoytom |
| 3rd dual | *stéh₂yetes | *stéh₂yetām | *stéh₂yetām | *stéh₂yētes | *stéh₂yoytām |
| 1st plural | *stéh₂yomos | *stéh₂yome | — | *stéh₂yōmos | *stéh₂yoyme |
| 2nd plural | *stéh₂yete | *stéh₂yete | *stéh₂yete | *stéh₂yēte | *stéh₂yoyte |
| 3rd plural | *stéh₂yonti | *stéh₂yont | *stéh₂yontu | *stéh₂yōnti | *stéh₂yoyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *stéh₂yonts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *stéh₂yoh₂er | *stéh₂yoh₂e | — | *stéh₂yōh₂er | *stéh₂yoyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *stéh₂yeth₂er | *stéh₂yeth₂e | *stéh₂yeso | *stéh₂yēth₂er | *stéh₂yoyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *stéh₂yetor | *stéh₂yeto | *? | *stéh₂yētor | *stéh₂yoyto, *stéh₂yoyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *stéh₂yowosdʰh₂ | *stéh₂yowedʰh₂ | — | *stéh₂yōwosdʰh₂ | *stéh₂yoywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *stéh₂yomosdʰh₂ | *stéh₂yomedʰh₂ | — | *stéh₂yōmosdʰh₂ | *stéh₂yoymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *stéh₂yedʰh₂we | *stéh₂yedʰh₂we | *stéh₂yedʰh₂we | *stéh₂yēdʰh₂we | *stéh₂yoydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *stéh₂yoror, *stéh₂yontor | *stéh₂yoro, *stéh₂yonto | *? | *stéh₂yōror, *stéh₂yōntor | *stéh₂yoyro, *stéh₂yoyh₁n̥to |
| Participle | *stéh₂yomnos | ||||
Descendants
- Balto-Slavic: *stā́ˀtei
- Latvian: stât
- Lithuanian: stóti
- Proto-Slavic: *stàti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *(ad-)tāyeti
- Brythonic:
- Old Breton: to
- Old Cornish: atta, otte
- Old Welsh: tau
- Welsh: taw
- Old Irish: at·tá, ad·tá, a·tá, at·táa, a·táa
- Middle Irish: at·tá
- Irish: tá
- Manx: ta
- Scottish Gaelic: tha
- Middle Irish: at·tá
- Brythonic:
- Proto-Germanic: *stāną (see there for further descendants)
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 590-592
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 373–74
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465
- Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 430