< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-st
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Suffix
*(ḗ)-st
- Forms perfective verbs from roots.
Inflection
| Perfective, athematic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *(ḗ)-st | |||
| 3rd plural | *(é)-sn̥t | |||
| Active voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *(ḗ)-sm̥ | — | *(ḗ)-soh₂ | *(é)-syeh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *(ḗ)-s | *(ḗ)-s, *(é)-sdʰi | *(ḗ)-sesi | *(é)-syeh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *(ḗ)-st | *(ḗ)-stu | *(ḗ)-seti | *(é)-syeh₁t |
| 1st dual | *(é)-swe | — | *(ḗ)-sowos | *(é)-sih₁we |
| 2nd dual | *(é)-stom | *(é)-stom | *(ḗ)-setes | *(é)-sih₁tom |
| 3rd dual | *(é)-stām | *(é)-stām | *(ḗ)-setes | *(é)-sih₁tām |
| 1st plural | *(é)-sme | — | *(ḗ)-somos | *(é)-sih₁me |
| 2nd plural | *(é)-ste | *(é)-ste | *(ḗ)-sete | *(é)-sih₁te |
| 3rd plural | *(é)-sn̥t | *(é)-sn̥tu | *(ḗ)-sonti | *(é)-sih₁n̥t |
| Participle | *(é)-sn̥ts | |||
| Middle voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *(é)-sh₂e | — | *(ḗ)-soh₂er | *(é)-sih₁h₂e |
| 2nd singular | *(é)-sth₂e | *(é)-so | *(ḗ)-seth₂er | *(é)-sih₁th₂e |
| 3rd singular | *(é)-sto, *(é)-so | *? | *(ḗ)-setor | *(é)-sih₁to, *(é)-sih₁o |
| 1st dual | *(é)-swedʰh₂ | — | *(ḗ)-sowosdʰh₂ | *(é)-sih₁wedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *(é)-smedʰh₂ | — | *(ḗ)-somosdʰh₂ | *(é)-sih₁medʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *(é)-sdʰh₂we | *(é)-sdʰh₂we | *(ḗ)-sedʰh₂we | *(é)-sih₁dʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *(é)-sro, *(é)-sn̥to | *? | *(ḗ)-soror, *(ḗ)-sontor | *(é)-sih₁ro, *(é)-sih₁n̥to |
| Participle | *(é)-sm̥h₁nos | |||
Derived terms
Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-st
Descendants
- Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: -σα (-sa)
- Proto-Italic: *-sai
- Latin: -sī