< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/skeyd-
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
Extension of the root *skey-.
Root
*skeyd- (perfective)
- to split, to divide
Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skeyd-
- *skéyd-t ~ *skid-ént (athematic root aorist)
- *ski-né-d-ti ~ *ski-n-d-énti (nasal-infix present)
- *skoyd-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skáiˀdīˀtei[1][2]
- Eastern Baltic:
- Latvian: skaîdît (“to dilute, spill”)
- Lithuanian: skáidyti (“to separate, divide, distribute”)
- Proto-Slavic: *cědìti (“to strain, filter”) (see there for further descendants)
- Eastern Baltic:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *skaydáyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćaydáyati (leveled with the zero- and e-grade root forms)
- Sanskrit: छेदयति (chedáyati, “to (cause to) cut off, split apart”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćaydáyati (leveled with the zero- and e-grade root forms)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skáiˀdīˀtei[1][2]
- *skid-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)
- Proto-Hellenic: *skʰíďďō
- Ancient Greek: σχίζω (skhízō) (with *skʰid- perhaps for *skidʰ, if the extension is with *dʰeh₁-.)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sčidyáti
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćidyáti
- Sanskrit: छिद्यते (chídyate, chidyáte)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćidyáti
- Proto-Hellenic: *skʰíďďō
- *skéyd-ye-ti (full-grade ye-present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skeistei
- Latvian: šķiêst
- Lithuanian: skíesti (“to separate”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skeistei
- *skid-i-s, *skid-o-s
- Proto-Germanic: *skitiz, *skītaz (see there for further descendants)
- *skid-nó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śčidnás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćidnás
- Sanskrit: छिन्न (chinna) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćidnás
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śčidnás
- *skeyd-ro-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skeidras
- Proto-Slavic: *ščedrъ (“generous”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skeidras
- *skéyd-ti-s ~ *skid-téy-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *skʰístis
- Ancient Greek: σχίσις (skhísis)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śčítˢtiš (zero-grade)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćíttiṣ
- Sanskrit: छित्ति (chítti)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śćíttiṣ
- Proto-Hellenic: *skʰístis
- *skid-tó-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skī́stas
- Eastern Baltic:
- Latvian: šķîsts (“thin, clear, clean”)
- Lithuanian: skýstas (“thin”)
- Western Baltic:
- Old Prussian: skijstan (“pure”)
- Proto-Slavic: *čistъ (“clean, pure”) (see there for further descendants)
- Eastern Baltic:
- Proto-Hellenic: *skʰistós
- Ancient Greek: σχιστός (skhistós)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skī́stas
- Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Armenian:
- Old Armenian: ցտեմ (cʿtem)
- → Armenian: ցտել (cʿtel) (learned)
- Old Armenian: ցտեմ (cʿtem)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Eastern Baltic:
- Lithuanian: skėsti (“to spread”)
- Eastern Baltic:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Proto-Slavic: *cěstiti (“to purify, cleanse”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic:
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Welsh: cwys
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Proto-Celtic:
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Welsh: chwydu
- Proto-Brythonic:
- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Tocharian: *kät- [3]
- Tocharian A: kät-
- Tocharian B: kät-
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “cědìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 74: “BSl. *(s)koiʔd-; […] PIE *(s)koid-”
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “skaidyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 400
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “kät-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 166-167