Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sep-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*seh₁p-[1]

Reconstruction

Kroonen explains the a in Latin, and perhaps Germanic, as a "schwa secundum": an epenthetic vowel arising in the zero grade *sp-.[2] De Vaan assumes a laryngeal origin instead, and posits zero-grade *sHp-, while noting that the full grade was likely *seh₁p- based on a long vowel *sēp- found in Sabellic.[1]

Root

*sep-[2][1]

to taste, to try out

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-

*sę-p- (ye-past)
- *sp-ye- (ye-present)
  - Proto-Italic: *sapjō
    - Latin: sapiō (see there for further descendants)
      - ⇒ Latin: sapor (“taste”)
- *sp-ye- or *sop-ye- or *sop-éye-
  - Proto-Germanic: *sabjaną (see there for further descendants)
- Unsorted formations:
  - Italic:
    - Oscan: sipus (“knowing”)
      - Volscian: sepu (“knowing”) (ablative singular)
*sh₁p-mo-[3][4]
- Old Armenian: համ (ham, “taste”)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Lidén, Evald (1906) Armenische Studien (in German), Göteborg: Wald. Zachrissons, page 67
Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 27

[De_Vaan_2008-1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[Kroonen_2013-2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[3] Lidén, Evald (1906) Armenische Studien (in German), Göteborg: Wald. Zachrissons, page 67

[4] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 27