< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pṓds
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From earlier *póds, from *ped- (“to walk, to step”) + *-s.
Noun
*pṓds m
- foot
Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *pṓds | ||
genitive | *pedés | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *pṓds | *pódh₁(e) | *pódes |
vocative | *pód | *pódh₁(e) | *pódes |
accusative | *pódm̥ | *pódh₁(e) | *pódm̥s |
genitive | *pedés | *? | *pedóHom |
ablative | *pedés | *? | *pedmós |
dative | *pedéy | *? | *pedmós |
locative | *péd, *pédi | *? | *pedsú |
instrumental | *pedéh₁ | *? | *pedmís |
The categorisation as acrostatic is based on the assumption that earlier oblique forms were in root-accented *péd-.[1]
Descendants
- Proto-Albanian: *pāsi (from locative plural *pḗdsu)[2]
- Albanian: përposh, poshtë
- Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒄊𒀸 (GÌR-aš)
- Lycian: 𐊓𐊁𐊅𐊁 (pede)
- Luwian: 𒉺𒋫𒀀𒀸 (patās)
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: ոտն (otn) (from accusative singular *pódm̥)
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸād-
- Galatian: αδες (ades) (nom. pl.)
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸīssu (from locative plural *pḗdsu)
- Old Irish: ís
- ⇒ Irish: aníos, síos, thíos
- ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: nìos, shìos, sìos
- Old Irish: ís
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸodyā
- Celtiberian: ozas (acc. pl.)
- Proto-Germanic: *fōts (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: πούς (poús)
- Greek: πόδι (pódi)
- Ancient Greek: πούς (poús)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pā́ts (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *pets
- Latin: pēs (see there for further descendants)
- Umbrian: 𐌐𐌄𐌛𐌄 (peře)[3] (abl. sg.)
- Phrygian: ποδας (podas, acc.pl.)
- Proto-Tocharian: *pei (from dual *pódh₁e)
- Tocharian A: pe
- Tocharian B: paiyye
References
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 45
- Matzinger, Joachim (2017–2018), “Chapter XV: Albanian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Albanian, page 1791
- Buck, Carl (1904) A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Ginn & Co, page 19