Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/preh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *per- (“before”).

Root

*preh₂-

before, in front

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-

*préh₂-i (“before”, locative) or *pr̥h₂-ey[1]
- Proto-Italic: *prāi or *prai
  - Latin: prae, prae- (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Italic: *praiteros (< *préh₂i + *-teros)
  - Latin: praeter (see there for further descendants)
*pr̥h₂-ey[2]
- Proto-Hellenic: *pərai
  - Ancient Greek: παραί (paraí), παρά (pará), πάρα (pára), πάρ (pár)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hay
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hay
    - Sanskrit: पुरे (pure)
*pr̥h₂-i (zero-grade locative)
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸare < *ɸari (-e is secondary) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *furi (see there for further descendants)
*pr̥h₂-ó
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Mycenaean Greek: 𐀞𐀫 (pa-ro)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hā́
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hā́
    - Sanskrit: पुरा (purā́)
*pr̥h₂-ós
- Proto-Albanian: *par-
  - Albanian: parë
- Proto-Albanian:
  - Albanian: pris
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πάρος (páros, “earlier, before”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pr̥Hás
    - Sanskrit: पुरस् (purás, “before, forwards”) (see there for further descendants)
*pr̥h₂-oy
- Proto-Germanic: *furai (see there for further descendants)
*pr̥h₂-wó-s
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: հարաւ (haraw) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pírˀwas
  - Proto-Slavic: *pь̀rvъ
- Proto-Germanic: *furwōstaz, *furwistaz
  - Old English: forwost, forwest
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pr̥Hwás
- Proto-Tocharian: *pä́rwë
  - Tocharian A: pärwat
  - Tocharian B: pärweṣṣe
*pr̥h₂-yós- ~ *pr̥h₂-is- (comparative)
- Proto-Germanic: *furizô, *furistaz (see there for further descendants)

References

Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 75.4
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 75.4

[1] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 75.4

[2] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 75.4