Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nem-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

Possibly related to *h₁em- (“to take, to distribute”).

Root

*nem-[1][2]

to distribute
to give, to take

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *nem-

*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *nemtei
  - Latvian: ņemt (“take”)
- Proto-Germanic: *nemaną (“take”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *némō
  - Ancient Greek: νέμω (némō, “dispense, distribute”)
*nom-éh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *nomā́
  - Ancient Greek: νομή (nomḗ, “pasture”)
*ném-es-o-s
- Proto-Italic: *nomezos
  - Latin: numerus (see there for further descendants)
*nem-es-eh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *nemehā
  - Ancient Greek: Νεμέα (Neméa)
*nóm-o-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *nómos
  - Ancient Greek: νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”)
*nom-ó-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *nomós
  - Ancient Greek: νομός (nomós, “pasture, habitation, province”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *námas
    - Sanskrit: नम (náma, “pasture-ground”)
*ném-tis ~ *nm̥-téys
- Proto-Germanic: *numþiz (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian: *namā
    - Albanian: nëmë
  - Proto-Albanian: *nemska
    - Albanian: njeh
- Celtic:
  - Old Irish: neim (“poison”)
    - Irish: nimh
    - Manx: nieu
    - Scottish Gaelic: nimh
- Proto-Celtic: *nemetom
  - Brythonic:
    - Middle Breton: neved (“sanctuary”)
      - Breton: neñved
    - Welsh: nyfed (“sacred grove”)
  - Gaulish: νεμητον (nemēton, “holy place”)
  - Old Irish: nemed (“sanctuary, holy place”)
    - Irish: neimheadh
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: Νέμεσις (Némesis, “Nemesis, goddess of retribution”)

Root

*nem-[3][4]

to bend

Derived terms

*ném-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *námati (“to bow”) (see there for further descendants)
*ném-os ~ *ném-es-os (see there for further descendants)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 763
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 273
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 764

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 763

[3] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 273

[4] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 764