< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/méǵh₂yōs
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *méǵh₂s + *-yōs.
Adjective
*méǵh₂yōs
- bigger, greater
Inflection
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *méǵh₂yōs | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂ | |
| genitive | *m̥ǵh₂isés | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *méǵh₂yōs | *méǵh₂yosh₁(e) | *méǵh₂yoses |
| vocative | *méǵh₂yos | *méǵh₂yosh₁(e) | *méǵh₂yoses |
| accusative | *méǵh₂yosm̥ | *méǵh₂yosh₁(e) | *méǵh₂yosm̥s |
| genitive | *m̥ǵh₂isés | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isóHom |
| ablative | *m̥ǵh₂isés | *? | *m̥ǵh₂ismós |
| dative | *m̥ǵh₂iséy | *? | *m̥ǵh₂ismós |
| locative | *m̥ǵh₂yés, *m̥ǵh₂yési | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isú |
| instrumental | *m̥ǵh₂iséh₁ | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isbʰí |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂ | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂h₁(e) | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂es |
| vocative | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂ | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂h₁(e) | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂es |
| accusative | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂m̥ | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂h₁(e) | *m̥ǵh₂yésih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂s | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂s | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂mos |
| dative | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂ey | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂mos |
| locative | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂, *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂i | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂h₁ | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isyéh₂bʰi |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *méǵh₂yos | *méǵh₂yosih₁ | *méǵh₂yōs |
| vocative | *méǵh₂yos | *méǵh₂yosih₁ | *méǵh₂yōs |
| accusative | *méǵh₂yos | *méǵh₂yosih₁ | *méǵh₂yōs |
| genitive | *m̥ǵh₂isés | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isóHom |
| ablative | *m̥ǵh₂isés | *? | *m̥ǵh₂ismós |
| dative | *m̥ǵh₂iséy | *? | *m̥ǵh₂ismós |
| locative | *m̥ǵh₂yés, *m̥ǵh₂yési | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isú |
| instrumental | *m̥ǵh₂iséh₁ | *? | *m̥ǵh₂isbʰí |
Derived terms
- *méǵh₂-is-to-s (“biggest”)
- Hellenic: *mégistos
- Ancient Greek: μέγιστος (mégistos)
- Indo-Iranian: *máĵʰištʰas
- Indo-Aryan: *máźʰiṣṭʰas
- Sanskrit: महिष्ठ (máhiṣṭha)
- Iranian: *máĵištas
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀 (mazišta)
- Persian: مهست (mehest, “greatest, biggest”)
- Indo-Aryan: *máźʰiṣṭʰas
- Hellenic: *mégistos
- *méǵh₂-is-tero-s
- Italic: *magisteros
- Faliscan: 𐌌𐌀𐌂𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌀𐌕𐌖 (macistratu, “magistracy”)
- Latin: magister
- Umbrian: 𐌌𐌄𐌔𐌕𐌓𐌖 (mestru)
- Venetic: 𐌌𐌀𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌄𐌓𐌀𐌕𐌏𐌓𐌁𐌏𐌔 (maisteratorbos)
- Italic: *magisteros
- *m(e)ǵh₂-is-m̥mo-
- Italic: *magisəmos
- Latin: maximus
- Italic: *magisəmos
Descendants
- Celtic: *magyos
- Continental:
- Gaulish: Magios
- Goidelic:
- Old Irish: maige
- Continental:
- Hellenic: *méďďōn
- Ancient Greek: μείζων (meízōn)
- Indo-Iranian: *máĵʰyas
- Indo-Aryan: *máźʰyas
- Sanskrit: महीयस् (máhīyas)
- Iranian: *máĵyah
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (maziiah)
- Indo-Aryan: *máźʰyas
- Italic: *magjōs, *magis (< *m̥ǵh₂-is)
- Latin: maior, magis
- Oscan: mais