< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mr̥tós
 | This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *mer- (“to die”) + *-tós (verbal adjective suffix).
Adjective
*mr̥tós (non-ablauting)
- dead
- mortal
Declension
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *mr̥tós | *mr̥téh₂ | |
| genitive | *mr̥tósyo | *mr̥téh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mr̥tós | *mr̥tóh₁ | *mr̥tóes |
| vocative | *mr̥té | *mr̥tóh₁ | *mr̥tóes |
| accusative | *mr̥tóm | *mr̥tóh₁ | *mr̥tóms |
| genitive | *mr̥tósyo | *? | *mr̥tóoHom |
| ablative | *mr̥téad | *? | *mr̥tómos |
| dative | *mr̥tóey | *? | *mr̥tómos |
| locative | *mr̥téy, *mr̥tóy | *? | *mr̥tóysu |
| instrumental | *mr̥tóh₁ | *? | *mr̥tṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mr̥téh₂ | *mr̥téh₂h₁(e) | *mr̥téh₂es |
| vocative | *mr̥téh₂ | *mr̥téh₂h₁(e) | *mr̥téh₂es |
| accusative | *mr̥tā́m | *mr̥téh₂h₁(e) | *mr̥téh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *mr̥téh₂s | *? | *mr̥téh₂oHom |
| ablative | *mr̥téh₂s | *? | *mr̥téh₂mos |
| dative | *mr̥téh₂ey | *? | *mr̥téh₂mos |
| locative | *mr̥téh₂, *mr̥téh₂i | *? | *mr̥téh₂su |
| instrumental | *mr̥téh₂h₁ | *? | *mr̥téh₂bʰi |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mr̥tóm | *mr̥tóy(h₁) | *mr̥téh₂ |
| vocative | *mr̥tóm | *mr̥tóy(h₁) | *mr̥téh₂ |
| accusative | *mr̥tóm | *mr̥tóy(h₁) | *mr̥téh₂ |
| genitive | *mr̥tósyo | *? | *mr̥tóoHom |
| ablative | *mr̥téad | *? | *mr̥tómos |
| dative | *mr̥tóey | *? | *mr̥tómos |
| locative | *mr̥téy, *mr̥tóy | *? | *mr̥tóysu |
| instrumental | *mr̥tóh₁ | *? | *mr̥tṓys |
Antonyms
- *gʷih₃wós (“living”)
- *n̥mr̥tós (“immortal”)
Descendants
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: մարդ (mard, “man, mortal”)
- Armenian: մարդ (mard, “man, person”)
- Old Armenian: մարդ (mard, “man, mortal”)
- Hellenic: *mrətós
- Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós, “mortal”)
- Indo-Iranian: *mr̥tás (see there for further descendants)