Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewk-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/lewk-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*lewk-

1. bright
2. to shine
3. to see

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*lewk-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *lewk-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *lewk-</a>

• *luk-tó ~ *luk-ró (deponent root aorist)
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒇻𒊌𒅗𒊑 (lu-uk-ka-ri)
• *luk-yé-ti (yé-present)
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒇻𒊌𒆠𒄑𒍣 (lu-uk-ki-ez-zi)
• *lowk-éye-ti (causative)
  • Balto-Slavic: *laukeitei
    • Slavic: *lučìti (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *loukeō
    • Latin: lūceō (see there for further descendants)
• *lewk-éh₁-(ye)-ti (stative)
  • Italic: *loukēō
    • Latin: lūceō (see there for further descendants)
• *lewk-s-t (sigmatic aorist)[1]
  • Old Armenian: *լոյց- (*loycʿ-)
    • ⇒ Old Armenian: լուցանեմ (lucʿanem)
• *léwk-s
  • Celtic: *leuxs
    • Gaulish: leux
  • Italic: *louks
    • Latin: lūx (“light”) (see there for further descendants)
• *léwk-os ~ *léwk-es-os
  • Indo-Iranian: *ráwčas (see there for further descendants)
• *lewk-ós
  • Old Armenian: լոյս (loys)
  • Celtic: *loukos (“white”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: λευκός (leukós)
  • Indo-Iranian: *rawkás
    • Indo-Aryan: *rawkás
      • Sanskrit: रोक (roká, “light”)
• *lewk-to-s
  • Germanic: *leuhtaz, *leuhtą
• *léwk-so-s
  • Germanic: *leuhsaz, *leuhsą
• *léwk-mn̥
  • Germanic: *leuhmô, *liuhmijaną
• *lewk-o-dʰro-
  • Italic:
    • Latin: lūcubrō
• *lowk-s-tro-m
  • Italic:
    • Latin: lūstrum, lūstrō
• *lówk-o-s (“open space, clearing”)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: laũkas (“field, open space”)
    • Latvian: lauks (“field”)
  • Germanic: *lauhaz (“clearing, open space”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Indo-Iranian: *lawkás
    • Indo-Aryan: *lawkás
      • Sanskrit: लोक (loká, “free space”)
  • Italic:
    • Latin: lūcus (“sacred grove, wood”)
• *lowk-yo-s:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Old Prussian: luckis
    • Slavic: *lučь (see there for further descendants)
• *léwk-s-mn̥ ~ *luk-s-mén-s
  • Italic:
    • Latin: lūmen
• *lowk-s-neh₂ (“moon”)
• *luk-mó-s
  • Indo-Iranian: *rukmás
    • Indo-Aryan: *rukmás
      • Sanskrit: रुक्म (rukmá)
• *luk-s-nos
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek λύχνος (lúkhnos)
• *luk-s-ḱós
  • Indo-Iranian: *lukšás
    • Iranian: *luxšáh
      • Persian: لوخن‎ (loxan, “moon”)
  • Italic: *lukskos
    • Latin: luscus
• *luk-eh₂
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek (ἀμφι)λύκη ((amphi)lúkē), λυκά(βας) (luká(bas)), λυκό(φως) (lukó(phōs)), Λυκαῖος (Lukaîos), λύκειος (lúkeios)[2]
• Unsorted formations:
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒇻𒊌 (lu-uk /luk(k)-/)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian լուսանունք (lusanunkʿ)
      • Armenian: լուսան (lusan, “lynx”)
    • Old Armenian: լուսն (lusn)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: lūsis (“lynx”)
    • Lithuanian: lūšis (“lynx”)
    • Slavic: *rỳsь (“lynx”)
  • Celtic:
    • Old Irish: luchair (“shine”)
    • Welsh: llug (“shimmer”)
  • Germanic: *luhsaz (“lynx”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: λύγξ (lúnx, “lynx”)
  • Indo-Iranian: *ráwčati
    • Indo-Aryan: *ráwćati
      • Sanskrit: रोचते (rócate)
    • Iranian: *ráwčati
      • Central Iranian:
        • Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬗𐬀𐬥𐬙-‎ (raocant-, “shining”), 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬗𐬀𐬵‎ (raocah, “light; day”)
  • Tocharian:
    • Tocharian A: luk-
    • Tocharian B: luk-

Further reading

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

References

1. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 312
2. Cook, A. B. (1914) Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion, volume I, Cambridge University Press, page 63