Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/káput

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly from *kap- (“seize, hold”), perhaps of substrate origin.[1]

Noun

káput[2][1][3][4] ~ *kap-wét-s[5][6]

head

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*káput
genitive	*kapwéts
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*káput	—	—
vocative	*káput	—	—
accusative	*káput	—	—
genitive	*kapwéts	—	—
ablative	*kapwéts	—	—
dative	*kapwétey	—	—
locative	kapwét, kapwéti	—	—
instrumental	*kapwéth₁	—	—

Related terms

*káp-ōl ~ *k(a)p-l-és
- ⇒? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kapā́las (see there for further descendants)
káp-wl̥ ~ *k(a)p-wén-s
- ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *habulô
  - Proto-West Germanic: *habulō (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒? Proto-Celtic: *kʷennom (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Germanic: *hafudą ~ *haubeþaz (“head”) (metathesized < *habweþaz)[5] (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *kaput[7] (see there for further descendants)

References

Schrijver, Peter. 1997. "Animal, vegetable and mineral: some Western European substratum words". In: Lubotsky, A. Sound Law and Analogy, pp. 293–316. Amsterdam/Atlanta.
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kap-ut”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 529-530
Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 100-101
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 270
Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ha(u)beda- ~ *ha(u)buda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 215
Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Haupt”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “caput, -itis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 91

[Schrijver-1] Schrijver, Peter. 1997. "Animal, vegetable and mineral: some Western European substratum words". In: Lubotsky, A. Sound Law and Analogy, pp. 293–316. Amsterdam/Atlanta.

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kap-ut”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 529-530

[3] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 100-101

[4] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 270

[EDPG-5] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ha(u)beda- ~ *ha(u)buda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 215

[6] Friedrich Kluge (1989), “Haupt”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN

[7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “caput, -itis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 91