Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keh₂n-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keh₂n-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *kh₂en-[1]

Root

*keh₂n-

1. to sing

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂n-

• *kh₂n-é-ti ~ kh₂n-ó-nti (tudati-type thematic present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *kaneti[2] (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *kanō (see there for further descendants)
• *kéh₂n-mn̥ (“song”)
  • Proto-Italic: *kanmen
    • Latin: carmen (with dissimilation) (see there for further descendants)
• *ke-koh₂n- (“stork”)[3]
  • Proto-Italic: *kikōniā
    • Latin: cicōnia (see there for further descendants)
• *kéh₂n-tlom
  • Proto-Celtic: *kantlom (“song”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *kaňa (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *hanô (“rooster”), *hanjō (“hen”), *hōnaz (“fowl”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: καναχέω (kanakhéō), καναχή (kanakhḗ), ἠικανός (ēikanós)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kanati (or rather *karnati)
    • Proto-Iranian: *kanati
      • Northern Kurdish: xwendin
      • Persian: خواندن‎ (xândan)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kanati (or rather *karnati)
      • Sanskrit: कणति (kaṇati)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *kene (“melody, tune”)[5] (see there for further descendants)

References

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
2. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kan-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 187
3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 525
4. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kantlo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 188
5. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “kene”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 206

Further reading

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN