Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃érō

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃érō

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*h₃érō m[1]

1. eagle

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*h₃érō
genitive	*h₃r̥nés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₃érō	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃érones
vocative	*h₃éron	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃érones
accusative	*h₃éronm̥	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃éronm̥s
genitive	*h₃r̥nés	*?	*h₃r̥nóHom
ablative	*h₃r̥nés	*?	*h₃rn̥mós
dative	*h₃r̥néy	*?	*h₃rn̥mós
locative	*h₃rén, *h₃réni	*?	*h₃rn̥sú
instrumental	*h₃r̥néh₁	*?	*h₃rn̥mís

Descendants

• ⇒ Proto-Anatolian: (thematic)
  • Hittite: 𒄩𒀀𒊏𒀸 (ḫa-a-ra-aš /hāras/)
• Proto-Albanian:
  • Albanian: orr, orrll
• ⇒ Proto-Armenian: (thematic, reduplicated)
  • Old Armenian: որոր (oror, “gull”)
    • → Armenian: որոր (oror) (learned)
• ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *arélis (thematic, suffixed) (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *eriros (thematic, suffixed) (possibly, but there would be irregular development of initial vowel if so)[2]
  • Proto-Brythonic:
    • Breton: erer
    • Cornish: er
    • Welsh: eryr
  • Old Irish: irar
    • Middle Irish: ilar
      • Irish: iolar
      • Manx: urley
      • Scottish Gaelic: iolair
• Proto-Germanic: *arô (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *órn-īk-s ~ *órn-īkʷʰ- (suffixed from the oblique stem)
  • Ancient Greek: ὄρνῑς (órnīs, “bird, chicken”), ὄρνῑξ (órnīx)
    • Greek: όρνιθα (órnitha)
• ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: [Term?] n (“bird”) (suffixed from the oblique stem and thematicized)
  • Ancient Greek: ὄρνεον (órneon)
    • Greek: όρνεο (órneo), όρνιο (órnio)

References

1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
2. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN