Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃éngʷn̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃engʷ- +‎ *-n̥.

Noun

*h₃éngʷn̥ n[1][2][3]

fat, butter

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*h₃éngʷn̥	*h₃éngʷō
genitive	*h₃n̥gʷéns	*h₃n̥gʷnés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*h₃éngʷn̥	—	—	*h₃éngʷō
vocative	*h₃éngʷn̥	—	—	*h₃éngʷō
accusative	*h₃éngʷn̥	—	—	*h₃éngʷō
genitive	*h₃n̥gʷéns	—	—	*h₃n̥gʷnés
ablative	*h₃n̥gʷéns	—	—	*h₃n̥gʷnés
dative	*h₃n̥gʷéney	—	—	*h₃n̥gʷnéy
locative	h₃n̥gʷén, h₃n̥gʷéni	—	—	h₃n̥gʷén, h₃n̥gʷéni
instrumental	*h₃n̥gʷénh₁	—	—	*h₃n̥gʷnéh₁

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *amben (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *ankwô (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *ongʷən
- Latin: unguen
- Umbrian: 𐌖𐌌𐌄𐌍 (umen, acc.sg.), 𐌖𐌌𐌍𐌄 (umne, “ointment”, abl.sg.)
  - → Latin: ōmentum
    - → Catalan: oment
    - → English: omentum
    - → Italian: omento
    - → Spanish: omento
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́nǰanam (thematicization of *h₃éngʷen- with irregular long vowel)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hā́nǰanam
  - Sanskrit: आञ्जन (ā́ñjana, “ointment, fat”)
- ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: *ānnabritá (“ghee”) (with *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”))
  - Northern Nuristani:
    - Kamkata-viri:
      Kamviri: anū́
      Kativiri: anév
  - Southern Nuristani:
    - Ashkun: anā́
    - Waigali: ënëvřë

References

Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “unguō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*amben-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 32

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[2] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “unguō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[3] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*amben-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 32